The purpose of this study was to translate Conroy Conroy, Willow and Metzler's (2002) Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI) into Chinese and examined its validity and reliability. This study included two stages. The first stage sampled 320 high school students (males=187; females=133) with the mean age of 15.86 (SD=0.78) and then revised the Chinese version of PFAI. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed appropriate validity and reliability of the Chinese version of PFAI. The second stage sampled 377 high school students of four types of talents (dance, art, music and sports) and administered with Chinese version of PFAI. Meanwhile, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to evaluate the appropriateness and construct validity of the Chinese version of PFAI. Results indicated that the Chinese version of PFAI had four constructs named "fear of experiencing shame and embarrassment," "fear of devaluating one's self-estimate," "fear of important others losing interest,"" fear of upsetting important others." The internal consistency of the four subscales ranging from. 68~86 and the total Cronbach's α of the Chinese version of PFAI was 89 with total accounted variance of 58.52%. This study concluded that the Chinese version of PFAI has appropriate reliability and validity. Besides, the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the Chinese version of PFAI was applicable in the achievement settings such as dance, art, music as well as sports in the individual's performance failure appraisal.
