臺北市的敬字亭及其恭送聖蹟之儀式

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Title:	臺北市的敬字亭及其恭送聖蹟之儀式＂Respect Words Pavilion＂ and ＂The Ceremony of Sending Paper Ash＂ in Taipei, Taiwan
Authors:	施順生 Shih, Shun-Sheng
Contributors:	中國文化大學中文學報
Keywords:	臺北市敬字亭敬字惜紙恭送聖蹟送字紙文字紙張鄉土文化 Taipei Respect Words Pavilion (Jing-Zi Ting) Respect Words and Papers The Ceremony of Sending Paper Ash Send Paper Ash Word Paper Local culture
Date:	2012-04-01
Issue Date:	2015-01-28 15:49:58 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	臺北市的敬字亭數量，經本文調查後，由四座增為八座，另有一座則改為存疑待查。包括現存者兩座：士林區芝山巖惠濟宮敬字亭一座、士林區東吳大學惜字爐一座。前者仍有信徒拿字紙到此燃燒，但後者則早已停用。已毀者六座：士林區士林神農宮敬字亭一座、大同區大龍峒保安宮惜字亭兩座、登瀛書院惜字塔一座、臺北城西門敬字亭一座、圓山公園惜字塔一座。其中大龍峒保安宮依照舊樣式重建兩座惜字亭，雖然只當作景觀而不具燃燒字紙的功能，但亦具有教育的意義。存疑待查者一座：萬華區學海書院敬字亭，目前仍查無任何相關資料。恭送聖蹟的儀式方面，清朝時臺北城西門外三年舉行一次「恭送聖蹟」的儀式，隊伍中旌旗馬隊、戈戟儀仗、鼓吹鑼鼓、裝扮表演、鞦韆架、鐘鼓亭、涼傘、涼扇及小轎無數。可說是盛大轟動，後世無法比擬。日據時代以「市區改正計畫」拆除臺北城牆、西門及登瀛書院，敬字亭亦隨之而逝；又拍賣學海書院，惠濟宮義塾改教日文，對中華文化的摧殘可說是無以復加。且亦未見任何「恭送聖蹟」的相關記錄。光復至今，臺北市區亦未見任何「恭送聖蹟」的儀式。 The total number of known Respect Words Pavilion (Jing-Zi Ting) in Taipei is four. However, after my investigation in this research paper, I have found that there are eight existing in total with one still under investigation. The first two pavilions are located at Taipei's Shilin district, at the Zhishanyan Huiji Temple (Jing-Zi Ting) and Soochow University (Xi-Zi Lu). Believers still perform the burning ceremony at the first temple, whereas the later is no longer used for this purpose. The rest of the pavilions have been destroyed: ● One Respect Words Pavilion situated at the Shilin Shennong Temple Shilin district ● Two Respect Words Pavilions situated at Talungtung Baoan Temple Datong district ● One Respect Words Pavilion situated at Dengying shuyuan (an academy of classical learning) ● One Respect Words Pavilion placed at the west gate of the former Taipei ● One Respect Words Pavilion located at Yuanshan park The two Respect Words Pavilions located at Talungtung Baoan Temple have been re-constructed to replicate the original design, now used purely as a landscape for educational means rather than as a place for burning papers. The other Respect Words Pavilion still under investigation is located at Xuehai shuyuan Wanhua district, but no further information has been found. The Ceremony of Sending Paper Ash during the Qing Dynasty at the west gate of Taipei were grand rituals every three years. However, during the era when Taiwan was under the rule of Japan, as part of their urban development planning, the Japanese removed the city wall including the west gate of Taipei and Dengying shuyuan, which caused the Respect Words Pavilions to cease to exist. Xuehai shuyuan was auctioned and Huiji temple's Yishu (an academy of free classical learning) was converted to a Japanese school. This caused extreme damage and destruction to the Chinese culture; leaving no trace of the traditional burning book and paper ceremonies since.
Relation:	中國文化大學中文學報； 24 期 (2012 / 04 / 01) ， P63 - 98
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Chinese Literature] academic journal

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