| 摘要: | 在現今變化快速的商業環境下，許多研究指出策略彈性對於企業持久競爭優勢扮演 相當重要的角色。然後，在目前策略彈性的文獻上，不同研究領域的學者因研究興趣的 差異而產生對於策略彈性的概念化和定義缺乏一致性的看法，進而影響策略彈性觀念在 理論和實務上的有效發展。針對此點，本研究透過文獻回顧發現策略彈性此構念在理論 發展上應區分為市場為主和技術為主的兩個策略彈性構面，而非以傳統單一構面的方式 去進行策略彈性的概念化和衡量。因此，本研究期望利用深度訪談和實證調查的方式針 對此兩種不同的策略彈性構面進行嚴謹的概念化、量表發展和學理效度驗證。此外，針 對此兩類型策略彈性的前置因子，本研究將從組織內部管理因素(組織結構、組織文化、 組織整合)進行討論，期望能幫助企業更為主動且有效地發展企業內部的策略彈性。再 者，在本研究的學理模型發展上也進一步地說明此兩類型策略彈性對於組織核心績效指 標(市場績效和財務績效)的影響效果。 另一方面，產品創新對於競爭優勢的重要性也同樣廣泛地被討論。但目前文獻對於 企業策略彈性在產品創新的影響說明上卻甚少著墨，大多數的研究多聚焦於策略彈性對 於組織整體績效的影響。因此，本研究期望能強化此知識發展之不足，並進一步地提出 市場策略彈性和技術策略彈性對於不同的產品創新績效(產品創意有效性和產品新穎性) 有著不同的影響效果。同時，本研究以權變理論的角度進一步提出企業策略型態和環境 不確定性所產生的調節效果。在實證研究上，本研究針對台灣電子產業和生技產業進行 資料蒐集調查，並進一步驗證本研究所提出之模型和假設。歸納來說，本研究相信透過 以上所描述的研究發展和投入將可更深入地了解策略彈性在企業競爭優勢所創造之真 正效果，也同時提升策略彈性在學術理論和實務運用上的價值。
In the current turbulent business environments, the importance of strategic flexibility to the firm’s sustainable competitive advantage has received a great amount of research attention. However, to date, the conceptualization of strategic flexibility is at odds with different scholarly interests. This is functionless for both academicians and practitioners who seek insights. Hence, against the traditional view that strategic flexibility is considered as a uni-dimensional construct, this study argues that strategic flexibility should be treated as a composite construct and further distinguishes it into two dimensions namely, market-focused strategic flexibility and technology-focused strategic flexibility. Through field interviews and a series of empirical investigations, this study attempts to (1) conceptualize these two dimensions, (2) develop and validate their measurement scales, and (3) verify their nomological validity. More specifically, as to the antecedents of these two strategic flexibility dimensions, this study focuses on organizational management factors (i.e., organizational structure, culture, and coordination). Such a focus provides a more active and effective implications of how to develop market-focused strategic flexibility and technology-focused strategic flexibility within a firm. In addition, in the nomological model, this study also articulates the relationships between these two types of strategic flexibility and core organizational performance metrics (i.e., market performance and financial performance). On the other hand, product innovation is widely regarded as an important source of competitive advantage. Yet, until now, relatively little is known about the effect of strategic flexibility on product innovation. Most of research in strategic flexibility focuses on the level of the organization as a whole. Therefore, this study attempts to advance knowledge on the subject, further proposing that market-focused strategic flexibility and technology-focused strategic flexibility have different impacts on two distinct product innovation outcomes (i.e., product meaningfulness and product newness). In addition, based on the contingency perspective, strategic flexibility as an organizational capability is not equally developed under all conditions. This study suggests that the linkages between the two types of strategic flexibility and product innovation outcomes are contingent on the firm’s strategy type and external environmental uncertainty. Empirically, the research model and hypotheses of this study are designed to examine with survey data obtained from Taiwan’s electronics and biotechnology industries. In summary, this study will significantly advance our knowledge domain of strategic flexibility and provide important theoretical and managerial implications in the strategic management areas. |
