自古至今宗教對於人類有極大的影響，而基督教即是影響社會極深遠的宗教之一，基督教在台灣各個層面也發揮了極深遠的影響，其中一項就是親子關係，親子關係的相關研究中，至今仍有許多以青少年為其研究對象。
本研究也以青少年為對象，但本研究不僅同時探討親子雙方個人背景變項和親子關係的關係，更深入研究父母宗教行為對青少年親子關係的影響。基於此，本研究以家庭系統理論為學說依據，旨在瞭解父母宗教行為與青少年關係之影響。
本研究採用問卷調查法，以立意取樣和便利取樣選取台北市之基督教家庭親子雙方為施測對象，有效樣本數為217份。研究工具包括「個人背景資料調查表」、「宗教行為量表」和「親子關係量表」。在「宗教行為量表」方面，改編自Smith and Kim(2003a)所發展之宗教行為量表；在「親子關係」方面則原卷採用何嘉雯(1998)編製之親子關係量表。
施測所得資料採用次數分配、百分比、平均數、標準差、t檢定、單因子變異分析、薛費事後比較、逐步多元迴歸分析、內容分析進行分析，研究結果呈現如下：
一、台北市青少年之「排行順序」對整體「親子關係」達顯著差異。排行「第一」高於「非第一」。
二、台北市青少年之「學業成績」在整體「親子關係」達顯著差異。即學業成績「90分以上」之青少年高於「80-89分」、「70-79分」之青少年。
三、台北市青少年之「前學期學業成績」與其父母宗教行為之第八題「與家人彼此分享或禱告」對「親子關係」達15.6%之預測力。
Religion has been one of the most important and essential elements of human activities since ancient times. Among different religions in Taiwan, Christianity is one of those which have exerted tremendous influence on the society. One of the influential fields is “Parent-Child Relationship” in which the main focus is on adolescence.
This research emphasized on analyzing how parents’ backgrounds affect their religious behavior, and how adolescents’ personal backgrounds affect parent-child relationships. Moreover, this research explored how parents and adolescents’ backgrounds and parents’ religious behavior predict parent-child relationships in Christian families in Taipei.
Based on survey method, four instruments were used including Religious Behavior Instrument, Parent-Child Relationships Instrument, Parent Characteristics Questionnaire, and Adolescent Characteristics Questionnaire. The target population was adolescents from Christian Families in Taipei who were seven to ninth grade and high school students during 2006-2007 school years. Purposive and convenience sampling were used, and a total of 217 (53.4%) useable questionnaires were returned. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s method, and stepwise multiple regression.
The results showed that first child has a better relationship with parents when compared with other birth order. Significant variations were shown in adolescents’ academic performance and their corresponding parent-child relationships. Frequency of parents’ praying and sharing with family members, and adolescents ‘academic performance showed a 15.6% prediction of parent-child relationships in Christian families.
Parents in Christian families tend to spend more time on attending religious activities and meetings and in turn, spend less time with their children thus contributing to worsening parent-child relationships. Spending more time with their children will constitute a more positive effect of their relationship. Moreover, parents in Christian families tend to have higher expectations of their children especially in academic performance thus contributing to tense parent-child relationships.
