| 摘要: | 金山書寫是一種以華人移民歷史為核心，結合家族敘事與跨文化書寫的文學表現形式。本論文「加華文學中的金山書寫研究」，是以「金山」（加拿大）作為象徵性空間，描述華裔移民在異地生活中的歷史經驗、身份認同與文化融合過程。此書寫形式超越了單純的移民紀錄，展現多重文化交織與敘事創新的文學風格。
本文旨在探究加華文學的發展歷程，並對各時期的金山書寫概況加以說明。此外，聚焦於六部具金山書寫特質的代表性移民小說，就其敘事特色進行評論與分析。此六部作品，前兩本是由兩位新移民作家以中文撰寫，聚焦早期華工的血淚奮鬥與移民生活的小說，分別是葛逸凡的《金山華工滄桑錄》和張翎的《金山》；接著是四本由華人移民後裔用英文寫成而後翻譯成中文的作品：李群英的《殘月樓》和鄭藹玲的《妾的兒女》，從女性視角講述自身家族的歷史與傳承的故事；另外是二位男性作家具啟蒙成長小說特色的作品，分別是崔維新的《玉牡丹》和余兆昌的《三叔的詛咒》；這四本書皆具有個人成長經歷的反思與身分認同的歷程，其中《妾的兒女》雖屬傳記文學，然就其情節內容與技法則可被歸類於自傳體小說，故在此一併討論。
此外，論文中亦專注於移民小說的敘事分析，從敘事元素、結構與技法三方面展開，重點解讀人物形象、情節發展與環境描寫，深入探討金山書寫的語境與敘事意涵，並聚焦其展延、復刻、創新與融合的歷程。最後就加華文學從落葉歸根到落地生根的演變，提出個人觀點與結論。
加華文學是華人移民歷史的延伸也是文化交融的見證，具有其獨特的意義與價值，本文研究欲透過縱向的歷史演變與橫向的文本評析，說明其從邊緣文學匯入加拿大文學主流的歷程與意義。盼藉由此論文，為加華文學中金山書寫與移民小說的敘事研究提供拋磚引玉之效，促進學界對此議題更深入的關注與探討。
Abstract
"Gold Mountain Writing" is a literary expression centered on the history of Chinese immigrants, intertwining family narratives with cross-cultural storytelling. This dissertation, A Study of Gold Mountain Writing in Chinese-Canadian Literature, explores "Gold Mountain" (Canada) as a symbolic space, depicting the historical experiences, identity formation, and cultural integration of Chinese immigrants. This writing style transcends mere immigrant records, presenting a multifaceted interplay of cultures and narrative innovation.
The study examines the development of Chinese-Canadian literature and outlines the evolution of Gold Mountain Writing across various periods. It focuses on six representative immigrant novels: two written in Chinese by first-generation immigrant authors—Ge Yifan’s “Rocky Road to Paradise” and Zhang Ling’s “Gold Mountain”—which highlight the struggles and resilience of early Chinese laborers; and four works written in English by descendants of Chinese immigrants and later translated into Chinese. These include Sky Lee’s “The Disappearing Moon Café” and Denise Chong’s “The Concubine’s Children”, which explore family histories from a female perspective, as well as Wayson Choy’s The “Jade Peony” and Paul Yee’s “The Curse of Third Uncle”, reflecting on personal growth and identity formation. While “The Concubine’s Children” is categorized as biographical literature, its narrative technique aligns with autobiographical fiction, warranting inclusion in this analysis.
The dissertation provides an in-depth narrative analysis, examining narrative elements, structures, and techniques, while interpreting character portrayal, plot development, and environmental descriptions. It delves into the contextual and thematic significance of Gold Mountain Writing, emphasizing its extension, replication, innovation, and fusion. Lastly, it reflects on the evolution of Chinese-Canadian literature, from "falling leaves returning to their roots" to "taking root in new soil."
Chinese-Canadian literature, as both an extension of immigrant history and a testament to cultural integration, holds unique significance. This study, through a longitudinal historical review and cross-textual analysis, illustrates its transition from the margins to the Canadian literary mainstream. It aspires to contribute to the foundational research on Gold Mountain Writing and immigrant narratives, encouraging further scholarly engagement with this field. |
