我國酒癮犯罪防治之研究-以酒駕犯之司法多元處遇為核心

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题名:	我國酒癮犯罪防治之研究-以酒駕犯之司法多元處遇為核心 The Study of Alcohol Addiction and Crime Prevention in Taiwan-The Judicial Diversification of Handling Drunk Driver Offenders as the Core
作者:	楊于萱 YANG, YU-HSUAN
贡献者:	法律學系
关键词:	酒後駕車重刑化政策酒精成癮酒駕犯罪防治醫療資源介入處理酒癮問題 Drunk driving Harsher penalties Alcohol addiction Prevention and control of drunk driving crimes Medical resource intervention for Addressing Alcohol Addiction
日期:	2025
上传时间:	2025-02-24 15:48:46 (UTC+8)
摘要:	酒駕案件層出不窮，現今針對酒駕大多採取酒駕零容忍之模式。近年來通過修法加重酒駕罰則，並大力宣導酒後勿開車之觀念，即使因加重罰責之緣故導致酒駕案件有呈現逐年緩慢下滑之趨勢，然酒駕案件之發生仍無法被全面控制。我們是否應換位思考導致酒駕之其他犯罪潛在因子，而非僅透過片面的加重罰責之嚇阻手段，期望可以透過重刑化政策來減少酒駕人數。重刑化確實可達到嚇阻酒駕並減少酒駕案件數量之效果，然酒駕案件非常多，是否適合將每個酒駕行為人都強制苛以自由刑，如此是否會造成監獄人滿為患，並變向導致監獄成為犯罪之溫床。針對酒駕之問題若要採取更全面及長遠的作法，在重刑化政策之外，仍須加入其他多元化之配套措施，使酒駕政策更趨於完善。綜觀我國刑事及行政處罰之修法歷程，可見立法者認為透過加重刑罰能夠有效遏制酒駕行為，民眾亦建議將酒駕行為朝向故意殺人罪方向修法。然而，此舉卻忽略了酒駕累犯之問題。儘管法定刑度已大幅提高，但這些行為人依然無所畏懼，持續從事酒駕行為。研究顯示，將近四成的酒駕者屬於累犯，而在這些累犯當中，約有七成的人患有酒精成癮之問題。若僅單方面針對酒駕問題採取重刑化政策，無法徹底減少酒駕犯罪。酒精成癮屬於大腦成癮，無法僅依靠自我意志戒除，必須透過專業醫療機構的協助，方能有效戒除酒癮。因此針對酒駕之問題，若可以從酒精成癮之面向著手進行解決，將會對於酒駕問題之改善有很大之幫助。本文將從與以往不同之面向探討酒駕之問題，而非以傳統刑法之角度切入探討酒駕之構成要件，而係偏重將酒駕議題於與刑事政策做結合來探討。 The prevalence of drunk driving cases is incessant, prompting the current government to adopt a zero-tolerance approach. In recent years, there have been legislative amendments to increase penalties for drunk driving, coupled with vigorous campaigns against driving under the influence. Despite these efforts, the incidence of drunk driving has only shown a slow decline. Shouldn't we consider other potential factors leading to drunk driving instead of relying solely on punitive measures? While harsher penalties may deter some, it's questionable whether imprisoning every offender is suitable, as it could lead to overcrowded prisons and inadvertently foster a cycle of crime within the prison system. Looking at the legislative process of penalties and administrative sanctions in our country, it's evident that lawmakers believe harsher penalties can alleviate the issue of drunk driving. Some members of the public have even proposed amending laws to treat drunk driving as intentional homicide. However, the majority of offenders are repeat offenders. Why are statutory penalties so severe, yet these individuals continue to engage in drunk driving? Research indicates that nearly 40% of drunk drivers are repeat offenders, with 70% of them suffering from alcohol addiction. Simply relying on punitive measures for drunk driving won't fully address the problem, as alcohol addiction is a brain disorder that can't be overcome solely through willpower. It requires assistance from relevant medical institutions for effective treatment. Therefore, addressing the issue of drunk driving by focusing on alcohol addiction could indeed greatly improve the situation. This article will explore the problem of drunk driving from a different perspective than traditional criminal law approaches. Instead, it will emphasize combining criminal policy to discuss the issue of drunk driving.
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