| 摘要: | 新冠疫情對我國旅行業者造成重大且多方面的影響，尤其是邊境封鎖和旅遊需求的驟降，迫使旅行業者面臨前所未有的經營壓力。為穩定市場與支持業者，政府實施了多項紓困與補貼措施，包括薪資補助、停止出入團補助，以及擴大國內旅遊推廣等政策，旨在保障就業並促進產業復甦。針對受疫情衝擊最嚴重的旅行業，政府提供了團體補助及針對中小型企業的營運補助，顯著緩解了部分業者的財務壓力。
本研究深入探討了補助政策對旅行業的短期穩定效益，尤其在降低倒閉潮和穩定就業市場方面的成功案例。然而，研究結果顯示，過度依賴直接補助的現象導致結構性問題，使業者在長期內難以適應市場轉型需求。大型旅行社傾向於獲得更多資源，進一步加劇了市場競爭的不平衡，而中小型旅行社則在政策執行中面臨資源不足及申請門檻過高的困難。
政府紓困措施對於疫情期間的旅行業穩定起到了關鍵作用，但其對產業韌性及創新能力的長遠影響有限。本研究提出，未來應著重於政策的多元化發展，包括促進數位轉型、提升內部效率及鼓勵創新模式。同時，應加強對小型旅行社的支持，透過簡化流程與資源再分配，確保政策的公平性與可持續性。希望此研究能為未來政策的制定提供實證依據，並促進觀光產業的長期健康發展。
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly and multifacetedly impacted Taiwan's travel industry, particularly through border closures and the sharp decline in travel demand, which subjected travel operators to unprecedented operational pressures. To stabilize the market and support businesses, the government implemented various relief and subsidy measures, including wage subsidies, group tour suspension compensation, and the promotion of domestic tourism. These policies aimed to safeguard employment and facilitate industry recovery. For the travel sector, which was most severely affected by the pandemic, the government provided group subsidies and operational subsidies specifically targeting small and medium-sized enterprises, effectively alleviating the financial pressures faced by some operators.
This study delves into the short-term stabilizing effects of subsidy policies on the travel industry, highlighting successful cases in reducing business closures and stabilizing the job market. However, the findings reveal that an overreliance on direct subsidies has led to structural issues, making it difficult for operators to adapt to market transformation demands in the long term. Large travel agencies tend to secure more resources, exacerbating market competition imbalances, while small and medium-sized travel agencies face challenges such as insufficient resources and high application thresholds during policy implementation.
Government relief measures have played a critical role in stabilizing the travel industry during the pandemic. However, their long-term impact on industry resilience and innovation capacity remains limited. This study suggests that future policies should focus on diversification, including promoting digital transformation, enhancing internal efficiency, and encouraging innovative business models. Additionally, support for small travel agencies should be strengthened by streamlining processes and reallocating resources to ensure fairness and sustainability in policy implementation. It is hoped that this research can provide empirical evidence for future policy formulation and contribute to the long-term health and development of the tourism industry. |
