| 摘要: | 本研究深入分析了感應電動機的啟動方式與能耗，提出了一種創新的雙控制技術，這項技術將緩啟動器與三相交流波形控制技術結合起來，將緩啟動器的應用從單純的啟動階段拓展到整個運行過程，馬達啟動後，運行過程中引入新的控制邏輯，實現更全面的能源效益。研究內容主要分為三個部分：首先，探討緩啟動器與變頻器在啟動方面的差異性及雙控制系統相較變頻器的啟動優勢；其次，探討不同負載下利用雙控制系統、緩啟動器啟動及變頻器啟動的能耗，由電流、有效功率、視在功率、無功功率及功率因數等電力數據進行分析；最後，在機械動態負載變化情況下，探討雙控制系統與變頻器在穩定性與能耗優化方面的表現。經過實驗驗證，三相交流波形控制在接續緩啟動器後能顯著提升電動機的機械效率及降低能耗，在輕載、中載、重載下能耗分別降低了22.4%、18.4%、15.6%，即使在負載有動態變化時，雙控制系統仍能提供足夠的能量，並無輸出不足的現象，隨著電動機的動態負載進行相對應的變化，達成能耗的最優化。本研究不僅為感應電動機的啟動與運行提供了有效的新策略，也為能源效益的最大化開闢了新途徑，對於工業電動機的能源管理與節能減排將產生深遠影響，隨著技術的進一步發展，這種雙控制系統在未來的工業應用中將扮演更加重要的角色。
This study provides an in-depth analysis of the starting methods and energy consumption of induction motors and proposes an innovative dual control technology. This technology combines a soft starter with three-phase AC waveform control technology, extending the application of the soft starter from the simple starting phase to the entire operation process. After the motor starts, a new control logic is introduced during the operation, achieving a more comprehensive energy efficiency. The research content is divided into three main parts: first, it explores the differences between soft starters and frequency converters in starting and the advantages of the dual control system compared to frequency converters; second, it examines the energy consumption under different loads using the dual control system, soft starters, and frequency converters, analyzing power data such as current, active power, apparent power, reactive power, and power factor; finally, it investigates the performance of the dual control system and frequency converters in terms of stability and energy optimization under varying mechanical dynamic loads. Experimental verification shows that three-phase AC waveform control, when combined with a soft starter, significantly enhances the mechanical efficiency of the motor and reduces energy consumption. The energy consumption decreases by 22.4%, 18.4%, and 15.6% under light, medium, and heavy loads, respectively. Even with dynamic load changes, the dual control system continues to provide adequate energy without output insufficiency, achieving optimal energy consumption with corresponding changes in motor dynamic loads. This study not only provides an effective new strategy for the starting and operation of induction motors but also opens new avenues for maximizing energy efficiency. It will have a profound impact on industrial motor energy management and energy conservation. As technology continues to advance, this dual control system will play an increasingly important role in future industrial applications. |
