| 摘要: | 水稻苗早期的生長特性取決於培育的秧苗是否旺盛、耐寒，若水稻苗生長勢差在移植後就會死亡。因此水稻幼苗移植前需要在溫室進行育苗管理，補充光照以避免幼苗損傷。本研究的目的是探討水稻幼苗對發光二極體(light-emitting diode, LED)光品質的反應形態和生理作用，以提高幼苗品質並培育健壯的幼苗，從而提高稻田的存活率。在本研究中，水耕培育粳稻-TNG67和秈稻-IR64的稻苗，並在不同LED光質處理後3、6、9天或更長天數測量形態和生理性狀。白光（W，作為對照）、紅藍光比0.8(R/B0.8)、紅藍光比0.4(R/B0.4)、紅光(R)、藍光(B)、無遠紅光(NO FR)(R/B/G10:10:2)、遠紅光(FR)(R/B/G:FR10:9:6:3)與高紅光加遠紅光(HR+FR)(R/B/G:FR10:7:3:2)給予光週期12/12小時。
結果表明，不同的LED光譜能夠促使品種之間的不同形態和生理特徵。水稻幼苗在光照處理第9天水，R光有利於株高和葉長，而B光對葉數、寬度和角度以及根長和根數有較大促進作用。此外，R/B (0.8)和R/B (0.4)處理在第9天時的生物量累積較好。秈稻-IR64幼苗的葉綠素和類胡蘿蔔素含量在第9天時的R/B (0.4)和B光處理下均高於其他光照處理，但在所有光照處理下粳稻-TNG67中未觀察到顯著差異。第9天在葉片中觀察到R/B (0.8)和R/B (0.4)處理下比單獨B光和R光處理DPPH清除效果顯著更高。隨著長時間暴露於各種LED燈下，分蘗數緩慢增加，其中秈稻-IR64的分蘗數顯著高於粳稻-TNG67的分蘗數。苗期光照對水稻的影響一直延伸到開花期末期，其中粳稻-TNG67在B光處理下最快開花，但在R/B（0.8）處理下生長時延遲。採用最佳策略調節LED光譜並精確管理，有助於提高水稻幼苗的形態和生理反應，為農民實現經濟效益最大化。
The early growth characteristics of rice seedlings depend on whether the seedlings are vigorous and cold-resistant. Poorly growing seedlings are at risk of dying after transplantation. Therefore, rice seedlings need to be managed in a greenhouse before transplantation, with supplemental lighting to prevent seedling damage. This study aims to investigate the morphological and physiological responses of rice seedlings to light quality from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in order to improve seedling quality and produce robust seedlings, thereby increasing field survival rates. In this study, seedlings of Japonica rice variety TNG67 and Indica rice variety IR64 were cultivated hydroponically, and morphological and physiological traits were measured after 3, 6, 9, or more days under different LED light treatments. The light treatments included white light (W, as a control), red-to-blue light ratio 0.8 (R/B0.8), red-to-blue light ratio 0.4 (R/B0.4), red light (R), blue light (B), no far-red light (NO FR) (R/B/G10:10:2), far-red light (FR) (R/B/G:FR10:9:6:3), and high red plus far-red light (HR+FR) (R/B/G:FR10:7:3:2), all with a 12/12 hour light cycle.
The results indicated that different LED spectra can induce varying morphological and physiological characteristics among varieties. On the 9th day of light treatment, red light (R) was beneficial for plant height and leaf length, while blue light (B) significantly promoted leaf number, width, angle, root length, and root number. Additionally, R/B (0.8) and R/B (0.4) treatments showed better biomass accumulation on the 9th day. Chlorophyll and carotenoid content in Indica rice IR64 seedlings were higher under R/B (0.4) and B light treatments compared to other light treatments on the 9th day, but no significant differences were observed in Japonica rice TNG67. On the 9th day, DPPH scavenging effects in leaves were significantly higher under R/B (0.8) and R/B (0.4) treatments compared to single B and R light treatments. With prolonged exposure to various LED lights, the number of tillers increased slowly, with Indica rice IR64 showing significantly more tillers than Japonica rice TNG67. The effects of seedling-stage light treatment on rice extended into the late flowering stage, with Japonica rice TNG67 flowering fastest under blue light (B) but exhibiting delayed growth under R/B (0.8) treatment. Employing optimal strategies to adjust LED spectra and precise management will help enhance the morphological and physiological responses of rice seedlings, maximizing economic benefits for farmers. |
