| 摘要: | 摘 要
背景：消防人員在執行高強度救援任務時，須穿戴個人防護裝備及自攜式空氣呼吸器 (self-contained breathing apparatus, SCBA)。然而，消防人員的體能狀況會直接影響SCBA的使用效率及安全性。生物電阻抗向量分析法 (bioelectrical impedance vector analysis, BIVA) 可透過測量身體對微電流的阻抗，提供身體組成與水分狀態等相關參數，故可視為評估消防人員體能的潛力分析法。目的：本研究旨在探討BIVA參數與消防人員SCBA使用耗損量之間的關聯性，並分析最大攝氧量 (VO2 Max) 及最大肌力對SCBA殘氣量的影響。方法：本研究招募22名臺北市政府消防局現職外勤消防人員 (年齡:36.9 ± 7.92歲、身高:175 ± 4公分、體重: 78.5 ± 17.7公斤) 為研究對象。檢測方法包括SCBA測試、BIVA身體組成分析、等長大腿中段拉 (isometric mid-thigh pull, IMTP) 最大肌力測試、反向動作跳 (countermovement jump, CMJ) 爆發力測試以及 Beep Test 最大攝氧量測驗。所得數據利用SPSS 29.0統計套裝軟體進行分析，將各項數據標準化後，進行皮爾森積差相關及逐步回歸分析。結果：研究結果顯示BIVA參數與消防人員SCBA使用耗損量之間呈顯著正相關 (r = 0.717，p < .05)。最大攝氧量與 SCBA 使用殘氣量亦呈正相關 (r = 0.496，p < .05)。BIVA 亦為有效預估CMJ與SCBA的因子 (p < .05)。結論：BIVA可作為預測消防人員SCBA使用效率之評估工具，同時本研究更證實心肺耐力與爆發力對消防人員的重要性。本研究結果發現希冀有助於消防人員設計更精確的體能訓練計畫，以提升實務訓練操作效率及安全性。
Abstract
Background: Firefighters, during high-intensity rescue operations, are required to wear personal protective equipment, including a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). The physical condition of firefighters significantly influences the efficiency and safety of SCBA usage. Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA), which measures the body's impedance to a minor electric current, provides valuable information on body composition and hydration status. Thus, it is a potential tool for assessing firefighters' physical fitness. Purpose: This study aims to explore the correlation between BIVA parameters and the SCBA consumption rates among firefighters and to analyze the impact of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and maximal muscular strength on the residual volume of SCBA cylinders. Method: This study recruited 22 active-duty firefighters from the Taipei City Government Fire Department (age: 36.9 ± 7.92 years, height: 175 ± 4 cm, weight: 78.5 ± 17.7 kg). The assessment methods included SCBA usage tests, BIVA body composition analysis, isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) for maximal strength testing, countermovement jump (CMJ) for power testing, and the Beep Test for assessing VO2 max. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 software. After standardizing the variables, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise regression analyses were performed. Results: The findings indicated a significant positive correlation between BIVA parameters and the SCBA consumption rates (r = 0.717, p < 0.05). There was also a positive correlation between VO2 max and the residual air volume in the SCBA (r = 0.496, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the countermovement jump (CMJ) and SCBA usage became potential predictors for BIVA (p < 0.05). Conclusion: BIVA may serve as a predictive tool for evaluating the efficiency of SCBA usage among firefighters. Moreover, this study confirms the significance of cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular strength for firefighters. These findings may help develop precise training programs to enhance operational efficiency and safety. |
