性別多樣性與參與氣候議題對銀行效率之影響 —以歐洲銀行為例

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Title:	性別多樣性與參與氣候議題對銀行效率之影響 —以歐洲銀行為例 The Impact of Gender Diversity and Participationin Climate Issues on Bank Efficiency: A Case European Banks as an Example
Authors:	賴姵蓁 LAI, PEI-CHEN
Contributors:	財務金融學系
Keywords:	性別多樣性氣候變遷銀行效率 Gender Diversity Climate Change Bank Efficiency
Date:	2024
Issue Date:	2024-12-02 12:02:45 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	隨著性別平等的關注不斷提升，女性在公司董事會中扮演的角色日益重要，並有利於公司的社會責任形象。歐洲議會等組織已提出相應法案，要求公司董事會中女性比例達到一定程度，反映了性別多樣性議程的重要性。另外，氣候變遷已成為國際關注焦點，女性在氣候倡議上的關注度較高，可能有助推動有利於環保行動和政策制定，因而在實施相關政策時，必須考慮性別的多樣性，以確保社會中每個人都有平等的機會來迎接氣候變遷所帶來的種種挑戰。因此，本研究以歐洲國家銀行為例，研究期間為2017年至2022年，使用資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)求出銀行之效率，接著利用兩階段Tobit迴歸模型(Two Stage Tobit Regression Model)，探討性別多樣性與參與氣候倡議行動程度以及交互作用對銀行效率之影響。實證結果顯示：性別多樣性對銀行效率有正面影響且顯著；參與氣候倡議對銀行效率有負面顯著影響，落實環境項目對銀行效率則是有正面顯著影響；近一步深入探討性別多樣性與參與氣候議題交互作用下對銀行效率之關係，發現性別多樣性與參與氣候倡議之交叉項產生正向顯著影響，以及性別多樣性與落實環境項目之交叉項為負向顯著影響。 With the increasing focus on gender equality, the role of women in company boards is be-coming increasingly important and beneficial for the company's social responsibility image. Organizations such as the European Parliament have proposed corresponding legislation re-quiring a certain proportion of women on company boards, reflecting the importance of the gender diversity agenda. Additionally, climate change has become a focal point of international concern, and women's higher level of attention to climate initiatives may help promote envi-ronmentally friendly actions and policy-making. Therefore, it is essential to consider gender diversity when implementing relevant policies to ensure that everyone in society has equal op-portunities to face the challenges posed by climate change. This study uses banks in European countries as an example, covering the period from 2017 to 2022. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), we calculate the efficiency of the banks. We then use the Two Stage Tobit Regression Model to explore the impact of gender di-versity and the level of involvement in climate initiatives, as well as their interaction, on bank performance. The empirical results show that gender diversity has a positive and significant impact on bank efficiency; participation in climate initiatives has a negative and significant im-pact on bank efficiency, while the implementation of environmental projects has a positive and significant impact on bank efficiency. Further in-depth exploration of the relationship between gender diversity and participation in climate issues reveals that the interaction between gender diversity and participation in climate initiatives has a positive and significant impact, while the interaction between gender diversity and the implementation of environmental projects has a negative and significant impact.
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