霧峰永續社區發展指標建構之研究

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题名:	霧峰永續社區發展指標建構之研究 Construction of Community Sustainable Development Indicator in Wufeng
作者:	張燕雲
贡献者:	地學研究所博士班
关键词:	霧峰永續社區發展指標局內人/局外人社區價值 Wufeng Sustainable Community Indicators community development local residents/ non-local residents community values
日期:	2024
上传时间:	2024-06-14 15:39:38 (UTC+8)
摘要:	「永續發展」是人類必須面對的一個主要議題。全球地方化乃以尋求利用地方差異來強化其全球營運所追求的策略。根據「21世紀議程」要求各國應建構「永續發展指標」，以作為政府各階段決策之堅實基礎。在極端氣候變遷的時代中，植基於地方社群意識與日常生活，以「地方尺度」為主體的根基，乃是實踐地方永續發展的重要途徑之一。社區也是落實國家永續發展的基礎單位，「永續社區發展」的結果在於維護脆弱環境的永續性及促進社區全面品質的提昇，而「指標」的建立應是一項深具運用價值的政策工具，可以協助社區推動永續發展的工作，也能成為社區或政府相關部門成效評量工具。因此，建構「永續社區發展指標」是一種為了「生存與發展價值」的最佳選擇，也是深化及凸顯在地價值並會聚民眾意願形成創新價值的途徑。本研究旨在探討霧峰地區歷經921大地震、人口外流、農業式微、社會老化及社會結構體的改變等，對於霧峰地區大環境造成的衝擊；並就居民認同有價值的環境，即生產、生活、生態、生命四個層面的永續發展為中心基礎，研擬建立一套適合霧峰地區發展的永續性指標系統（本研究不採用環境、經濟、社會三個方面研訂指標），以利檢視霧峰社區永續性發展的整合面貌。研究方法採取宏觀的角度，以「局內人」的觀點，探討符合霧峰地區特性與因應地方發展的特質，將霧峰地區永續指標系統依四個面向（生產、生活、生態、生命），共擬定 26個指標52個指標細項。指標的形成主要參考國內外文獻、專書、專家學者的意見及霧峰區在地居民深度訪談等資料彙整。首先透過專家學者階層分析永續發展指標的關聯性，選出符合霧峰社區特色指標，再利用統計量化分析四生構面的相關性。預試研究結果：專家學者認為現階段霧峰地區的永續發展只是普通而已，而「永續社區發展指標」的建構對於霧峰社區的發展是有幫助的。正式研究結果：專家學者與居民都一致認為「生命面向」最為重要，其次為「生活面向」，第三是「生態面向」，最後為「生產面向」。研究成果不僅能展現霧峰地區四個面向永續性發展變化現況，並解析其永續發展模式類型。藉由建構霧峰社區永續發展指標系統，除了可提供霧峰地區永續發展狀態變化的解釋資訊，也可作為擬定霧峰地區規劃發展策略的參考基礎，研究成果也有助於地方創生計畫的發展。「霧峰永續社區指標之建構」最終目的，乃是希望地方政府能採納居民多元的意見指標作為常態性評量及監測地方永續性發展的工具，未來能作為霧峰社區永續發展的依據，創建霧峰新的「社區價值」。 Sustainable Development is a critical issue that humans need to deal with. Global localization enhances the global operations strategies by adapting the local differences. According to Agenda 21, every country is required to develop a set of sustainable indicators as a foundation for working on governmental strategies. In the era of climate change, it is one of the important approaches to realize sustainable development locally by developing a constructive framework based on the awareness and daily life of the local communities. In addition, community is also regarded as the base unit to implement sustainable development nationally. Sustainable community development is intended to protect the fragile environment sustainably and improve the quality of community in all aspects. Developing a set of sustainable community indicators should be valued as a strategic tool to promote the sustainable community development. Besides, the indicators provide an effective tool to measure progress of community and governmental departments toward the sustainability objectives. Therefore, developing a set of sustainable community indicators becomes one of the best options to preserve the consistent growth and the community values. It also helps to create the innovative values based on the willingness of the local residents. The study focuses on exploring the out-migration of local residents, declining farms, societal aging, and the changing social structure in Wufeng Dist., Taichung City, Taiwan due to the environmental impacts after 921 Earthquake in 1999. Besides, the study proposes to develop a set of sustainable community indicators especially for the community development in Wufeng. The indicator planning is aligned with the consensus of local residents towards a valuable environment. Instead of studying the environmental, economic and social aspects, the approach aims to study 4 aspects including “produce”, “living”, “ecosystem”, and “life”, and focuses on 26 sustainable community indicators and 52 items by adopting the points of view of local residents from a broad perspective. Moreover, the indicators are set up according to reviews of the academic papers and books, as well as surveys and interviews on experts, academic researchers and the local residents. First, the study examines the relevance of sustainable community indicators and identifies the preferable ones in Wufeng based on the feedback from experts and academic researchers. Second, the study conducts a correlation analysis of sustainable community indicators in aspects of “produce”, “living”, “ecosystem”, and “life” by applying quantitative research. Preliminary interviews on experts and academic researchers show only an average stage of sustainable development in Wufeng, and it helps to facilitate community development by establishing a set of sustainable community indicators. In conclusion, the major findings indicate that all the experts, academic researchers and the local residents recognize that “life” is the No.1 priority, followed by “living”, “ecosystem”, and “produce” while considering the sequence of importance in these 4 aspects. Furthermore, the results not only reveal the dynamic changes of sustainable development, but also suggest the appropriate model of sustainable community development in Wufeng. The proposed set of sustainable community indicators provides access to explain the dynamic changes of sustainable development and offers advice on planning strategies of community development in Wufeng. The results also support “Local Revitalization Practices” in Wufeng. Throughout the study, the final purpose is that the local government adopts the proposed sustainable community indicators to evaluate and monitor community progress regularly. It also provides the foundation for credible decision-making of sustainable community development and the establishment of innovative community values in Wufeng.
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