| 摘要: | 如今市場競爭日甚一日，公司獲利大多由商業機會開始，同時亦能幫助公司發展，商業機會係指董事於履行職務上所獲取的資訊、與公司經營活動密切相關，如涉及公司任何產品、服務、公司資產等，因此商業機會越來越重要。公司以營利為目的，公司增加獲利由獲取商業機會開始，倘若能夠取得商業機會，便能獲得利益；反之，可能喪失獲利之機會。
身為公司負責人接觸、篩選各種商業訊息，經由判斷後成為公司機會。因此，作為公司經營人比起一般職員更容易接觸到公司營業獲利資訊。倘若董事掠奪公司機會，可能就決定公司未來的前途及命運，加上股東對於公司管理逐漸縮減，公司經營者權力日漸擴張，漸漸地董事掠奪公司機會情況屢見不鮮。現代公司法追求公司經營者負有受託義務，包括忠實義務與注意義務，以及公司治理並未有較明確之公司機會原則相關規範 ，因此，公司機會原則為各國討論熱門議題。
這些年，亞洲有些國家已將公司機會原則引入，中國引進該制度已有十年之餘。希望藉由探討相關學說及實務，提出適用上優劣，為我國忠實義務進行分析，為法院實務判決提供一套解決標準，否則可能導致相同案件不同判決結果，造成不公平性。
Nowadays, the market competition is increasing day by day, the majority of a company’s profitability begins with business opportunities, which can help th e company grow. Business Opportunity refer to information obtained by directors in the performance of their duties and closely related to the company’s business activities, such as products, services, assets of company. Therefore, the information of business opportunities become more and more important. A company’s goal is to make profits, and a company’s profitability begins with the acquisition of a business opportunity.
As a representative of company, the directors or officers have access to all kind of business information, which is defined as company opportunity. If the directors usurp a corporate opportunity, it may damage the future and development of the company. In addition, the shareholders managements of the company is gradually shrinking and the power of the company’s operator is expending, so it’s not uncommon for the directors usurp the company’s opportunity. Modern corporate law seeks to impose fiduciary duties on company directors and officers, including the duty of loyalty and duty of care, and there’s no clearer regulation of corporate governance related to the corporate opportunity doctrine, therefore, the corporate opportunity doctrine is a hot topic of discussion in the countries around the world.
The corporate opportunity doctrine originated from U.S. and the common law system, and it is hoped that the U.S. standard for recognizing the corporate opportunity doctrine will clarify the strengths and weaknesses of each standard. Over the years, some Asian countries have introduced the corporate opportunity doctrine, and China has introduced the system for more than ten years. By exploring the relevant doctrine and court decisions, we hope to present the advantages and disadvantages of its application, analyze the duty of loyalty, and provide a set of standard for the court to resolve the practical decisions, otherwise it’s may lead to different results in the same case, resulting in unfairness. |
