山胡椒超臨界萃取條件對於產率以及精油組成影響之研究

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Title:	山胡椒超臨界萃取條件對於產率以及精油組成影響之研究 Research on the Effect of Supercritical Extraction Conditions of Litsea Cubeba on Yield and Essential Oil Composition
Authors:	程緯文
Contributors:	化學工程與材料工程學系
Keywords:	超臨界萃取超臨界二氧化碳精油萃取山胡椒精油
Date:	2023
Issue Date:	2024-02-29 12:43:22 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本研究使用超臨界二氧化碳作為溶劑萃取山胡椒精油，其主要的目的是透過壓力與溫度的改變，來測試兩者對於產率的影響，所使用的壓力條件是2000psi、3000psi、4000psi，溫度條件是40℃、50℃、60℃，萃取流量固定為50NL/hr，為了確保實驗數據的準確性，每組重複試驗三次共進行27組，並使用索氏萃取法進行山胡椒的粗脂肪率計算，用來比對超臨界流體的產率是否一致。在實驗結束後，對實驗結果進行了AONVA雙因子變異數分析和二階回歸分析，以研究山胡椒精油產率在各個因子和因子間交互作用中的顯著性，並使用作圖軟體（Excel）繪製了回歸線圖，以幫助視覺化分析結果。最後對二階模型進行了進一步分析，以確定在實驗範圍內的最佳操作條件和最佳的精油產率。這些分析和結果幫助我們了解影響山胡椒精油產率的關鍵因素，並提供未來生產上的最佳參數設定。最後結論出在此研究中使用超臨界流體時壓力在4000psi及溫度60℃下會有最大產率30.24%，而使用索氏萃取最大粗脂肪率為37.52%，兩者產率及粗脂肪率相差不大，但時間卻差了三倍多。 The main objective of this study was to extract pepper oil using supercritical carbon dioxide as the solvent and investigate the influence of pressure and temperature on the oil yield. The pressure conditions used were 2000 psi, 3000 psi, and 4000 psi, while the temperature conditions were 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C. The extraction flow rate was fixed at 50 NL/hr. To ensure the accuracy of the experimental data, each set of conditions was repeated three times, resulting in a total of 27 experiments. The Soxhlet extraction method was employed to determine the crude fat content of the pepper, which was used for comparison with the oil yield obtained from supercritical fluid extraction. After the completion of the experiment, the obtained results were subjected to ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and second-order regression analysis to investigate the significance of factors and their interactions on the yield of pepper oil. Regression line plots were generated using spreadsheet software (Excel) to visualize the analysis results. Furthermore, the second-order model was further analyzed to determine the optimal operating conditions and the maximum oil yield within the experimental range. These analyses and results helped us understand the key factors influencing the yield of pepper oil and provided optimal parameter settings for future production. Finally, it is concluded that when supercritical fluid is used in this study, the maximum yield is 30.24% at a pressure of 4000psi and a temperature of 60°C, while the maximum crude fat rate is 37.52% when Soxhlet extraction is used. The yield and crude fat rate of the two are different. Not big, but more than three times the time difference.
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