| 摘要: | 本研究旨在瞭解臺北地區大學生「美感素養」與「生活品質」之現況，以及不同「個人背景因素」之大學生在「美感素養」與「生活品質」上的差異情形，另探討大學生的「美感素養」與「生活品質」之相關性。更進一步瞭解「個人背景因素」及「美感素養」對臺北地區大學生「生活品質」的預測力。
本研究係採「立意抽樣」方式進行取樣，選取居住於臺北地區（臺北市、新北市）大學生為研究對象，正式施測樣本為488份，扣除填答不完整等無效問卷後，實得有效樣本為486份，有效回收率為99.6%。所使用之研究工具包括：「個人背景資料表」、「美感素養量表」及「生活品質量表」。施測所得資料以 SPSS for Windows 26.0 進行結果分析， 分別採用：卡方檢定、敘述統計、單一樣本 t 檢定、獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後比較法、皮爾森積差相關，以及逐步多元迴歸分析等統計方法加以分析。研究結果如下：
一、臺北地區大學生「美感素養」與「生活品質」之現況
（一）臺北地區大學生之「美感素養」傾向於中高程度。其中，以「生態環境美感鑑賞」層面之美感素養為最高，而以「藝術活動參與」層面之美感素養為最低。
（二）臺北地區大學生之「生活品質」傾向於中高程度。其中，以「心理健康」層面之「生活品質」層面之生活品質為最高，而以「生理健康」層面之生活品質為最低。
二、臺北地區大學生「個人背景因素」在「美感素養」上之差異情形
臺北地區大學生之「美感素養」，會因「打工情形」、「每月可支配所得」、「經濟狀況」、「對藝術活動的興趣程度」的不同而有顯著差異。
三、臺北地區大學生「個人背景因素」在「生活品質」上之差異情形
臺北地區大學生之「生活品質」，會因「性別」「年級」、「打工狀況」、「每月可支配所得」、「經濟壓力」、「對藝術活動的興趣程度」的不同而有顯著差異。
四、臺北地區大學生「美感素養」與「生活品質」之相關情形
臺北地區學大學生之「美感素養」與「生活品質」之間達顯著中程度之正相關，意即臺北地區大學生之整體「美感素養」愈佳，其整體「生活品質」則愈好。
五、臺北地區大學生「個人背景因素」與「美感素養」對「生活品質」的預測力
臺北地區大學生之「性別」、「經濟狀況」、「對藝術的興趣程度」及整體「美感素養」等四變項，在整體「生活品質」具有顯著水準，能預測受試者之整體「生活品質」43%的變異量。也就是說，臺北地區「男性大學生」、「經濟狀況」愈好、「對藝術興趣程度」愈高，以及整體「美感素養」愈高，則其整體「生活品質」就愈好。
根據本研究結論，建議大學生宜根據自己不同的興趣，增加美感體驗研習活動時數，積極參與美學相關活動，修習藝術課程，以增進自身美感素養。此外，建議教師積極調整教學模式增進學生自主學習，使學生獲得愉悅地美學學習經驗、增進學生對美感藝術的興趣。再者，建議學校與政府相關單位營造一豐富的美感學習環境，最後，建議政府透過教育文化政策持續加強美感教育的地位和內容，讓大學生在充裕的美感環境中接觸學習欣賞藝術美學。
The aim of this study was to understand the current status of aesthetic literacy and quality of life among college students in the Taipei area, as well as the differences in aesthetic literacy and quality of life among college students with different personal background factors. Furthermore, the study aimed to explore the correlation between aesthetic literacy and quality of life among college students and further investigate the predictive power of personal background factors and aesthetic literacy on the quality of life of college students in the Taipei area.
The study adopted a purposive sampling method to select college students residing in the Taipei area (Taipei City, New Taipei City) as research subjects. The final sample consisted of 488 participants, and after excluding incomplete and invalid questionnaires, a total of 486 valid samples were obtained, resulting in a valid response rate of 99.6%. The research instruments used in this study included a personal background information form, an aesthetic literacy scale, and a quality of life scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 26.0, employing descriptive statistics, one-sample t-tests, independent samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffe's post hoc comparison method, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study are as follows:
A. The current status of aesthetic literacy and quality of life among college students in the Taipei area:
1. The aesthetic literacy of college students in the Taipei area tends to be at a moderate to high level. Among the participants, the aspect ‘appreciation of ecological environment aesthetics’ scored the highest, while the aspect ‘participation in artistic activities’ scored the lowest.
2. The quality of life of college students in the Taipei area tends to be at a moderate to high level. Among the participants, the average score for the aspect ‘mental health’ was the highest, while the aspect ‘physical health’ scored the lowest.
B. The differences in personal background factors on aesthetic literacy among college students in the Taipei area are as follows:
The aesthetic literacy of college students in the Taipei area varies significantly based on different employment situations, monthly disposable income, economic conditions, and level of interest in artistic activities.
C. The differences in personal background factors on quality of life among college students in the Taipei area:
The quality of life among college students in the Taipei area varies significantly based on different factors such as gender, academic year, employment situations, monthly disposable income, economic pressure, and level of interest in artistic activities.
D.The relationship between aesthetic literacy and quality of life among college students in the Taipei area:
There is a significant moderate positive correlation between aesthetic literacy and quality of life among college students in the Taipei area. This means that the better the overall aesthetic literacy of college students in the Taipei area, the higher their overall quality of life.
E. The predictive power of personal background factors on aesthetic literacy and quality of life among college students in the Taipei area:
The four variables of gender, economic status, level of interest in art, and overall aesthetic literacy among college students in the Taipei area have a significant level of prediction on the overall quality of life. These variables can predict 43% of the variance in participants' overall quality of life. In other words, in the Taipei area, male college students with better economic status, higher levels of interest in art, and higher overall aesthetic literacy tend to have better overall quality of life. Based on the research findings, the following recommendations are proposed:
A. College students should increase their participation in aesthetic experiential learning activities and actively engage in aesthetic-related events based on their interests. They should also consider taking courses related to aesthetic art to enhance their own aesthetic literacy.
B. Teachers should adjust their teaching methods to promote autonomy in students’ learning, help students obtain a pleasant learning experience in the field of aesthetics, and enhance students' interest in aesthetic arts.
C. Schools and relevant government departments should continuously strengthen the status and content of aesthetic education through educational and cultural policies, create a rich aesthetic environment for college students to be able to naturally immerse in aesthetics, and cultivate their sensitivity and taste for beauty, ultimately enhancing their overall quality of life. |
