研究目的：根據臺灣運動員的文獻與經驗，編製一個具有信度與效度的運動迷信態度研究工具。研究方法：據美國教育心理測驗標準，本論文包含四個研究：研究一初步編製「運動迷信態度量表」，以項目分析、內部一致性、探索性因素分析，確認本量表初步之信度與效度；研究二以驗證性因素分析檢驗運動迷信量表的因子結構；研究三以「控制觀」及「運動員認同」作為效標，檢驗本量表的效標關聯效度；及比較不同性別運動員差異；與再測信度；研究四：根據理論探討各因素間的因果關係。結果：本論文編製的運動迷信態度量表具有適當的內容效度、因素效度、理論效度、內部一致性、和再測信度。運動迷信態度的因子為「儀式與禁忌」、「幸運物」與「民俗文化」。運動迷信態度與運動員認同成正相關，且外控人格運動員、女性運動員具較高運動迷信態度，理論性模式檢驗發現運動員認同和外控人格可以透過迷信態度預測害怕失敗，但內控人格和沒有顯著的預測效果。結論：運動迷信態度在大學生運動員裡是相當普遍的，建議未來研究可以從民俗文化和宗教信仰切入，進行更深入的研究。
Purpose: According to current literature and experience in Taiwan, the purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid sports superstition attitude scale (SSAS). Method: Followed guidelines of American Education and Psychological Testing, this study includes four sub-studies: Study #1 was to develop an initial SSAS draft and examined its’ preliminary validity and reliability through item analysis, internal consistency, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA); Study #2 used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine SSAS factorial structure; Study #3 used locus of control and athletic identity to examine SSAS criterion-related validity, and compare groups’ differences between gender; and test-retest reliability; Study #4, this study tested a hypothetical theory-model by related variables. Results: Results found SSAS has appropriate content validity, factorial validity, theoretical validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliabilities. The SSAS has three factors: ritual and taboo, lucky charms, folk culture. Further, it was found SSAS positively correlated with athletic identity and external control. Furthermore, external control personality, female athletes have higher scores than male counterparts in SSAS. Moreover, theoretical examination found athletic identity predicted fear of failure via superstition attitude. Conclusion: Sports superstition prevails in college student-athletes, it is suggested future studies may adopt a cultural and religious perspective for further examination。
