摘要: | 本研究旨在探討臺灣25歲以上成人之人格特質、成人依附及分手暴力傾向之現況,進而探討人格特質、成人依附和分手暴力傾向之關係,並分析人格特質與成人依附對分手暴力傾向之預測力。
研究對象為25歲以上之成人,具有至少一段以上兩造均認同之戀愛經驗,且該段感情需交往超過三個月以上後分手。本研究使用大五人格量表中文簡版、親密關係體驗量表-中文版及分手暴力傾向量表作為測量工具,共取得有效樣本500份。研究資料方式運用描述統計、信度分析、探索性因素分析、因素負荷量判斷法、皮爾森積差相關分析和多元迴歸以進行統計分析,研究結果如下:
一、神經質與親和度、嚴謹度、外向度均呈現顯著負相關。
二、親和度與嚴謹度、開放度呈現顯著正相關;嚴謹度與外向度、開放度呈現顯著正相關;外向度與開放度呈現顯著正相關。
三、親和度、嚴謹度、外向度與依附逃避及依附焦慮均呈現顯著負相關;神經質則與依附逃避和依附焦慮均呈現顯著正相關;開放度與依附焦慮呈現顯著正相關。
四、親和度與行為因應構面呈現顯著正相關;親和度、嚴謹度、外向度與嫉妒情緒呈現顯著負相關;神經質、開放度與嫉妒情緒呈現顯著正相關。
五、嚴謹度與依附逃避、嫉妒情緒及行為因應均為顯著負相關;外向度與依附焦慮、行為因應達到顯著負相關。
六、神經質、開放度對依附焦慮、嫉妒情緒及行為因應均是顯著正相關。
綜合上述結論,除親和度外,嚴謹度、外向度、神經質及開放度均能預測成人依附,嚴謹度高較不易有依附逃避傾向,外向度高較不易有依附焦慮傾向,神經質高及開放度高則較易產生依附焦慮情形。換言之,除神經質可預測依附焦慮傾向外,開放度及外向度亦同樣能預測依附焦慮傾向;嚴謹度則可預測依附逃避傾向。
至於人格特質與成人依附對於分手暴力傾向的預測程度,其中嚴謹度、外向度、神經質、開放度均可預測分手暴力傾向,越嚴謹或外向的人,較不易有嫉妒情緒,相對也較不會發生暴力行為,神經質高及開放度高的人,則較可能產生嫉妒情緒及行為因應,進而引發分手暴力。
此外,依附焦慮傾向可準確預測嫉妒情緒與行為因應,意指越依附焦慮的人,則越容易發生分手暴力;然而依附逃避傾向則在本研究上未能預測分手暴力發生的可能。就結論而言,人格特質與成人依附均能視為探討分手暴力不可或缺的重要因素,尤其可留意神經質高、開放度高及依附焦慮傾向高者,發生分手暴力的機率是相對高的。
最後,本研究以研究結果為基礎,進一步對未來研究方向及實務工作提出建議,以供相關助人工作者參考。
This study aims to explore the current status of personality traits, adult attachment, and separation assault among adults aged 25 and above in Taiwan. Furthermore, explore the relationship between personality traits, adult attachment, and separation assault. To examine the predictive ability of personality traits and adult attachment in relation to separation assault.
The research subjects are adults over the age of 25 who have had at least one mutually agreed-upon romantic experience, and the relationship must have lasted for more than three months before ending. This study utilized the Chinese Shortened Version of the Big Five Inventory, the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale-Chinese Version, and the Separation Assault Tendency Scale as measurement instruments, resulting in a total of 500 valid samples. Research data were analyzed using various statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, factor loading determination method, Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, and multiple regression. The research findings are as follows:
1. Neuroticism is significantly negatively correlated with agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extraversion.
2. Agreeableness is significantly positively correlated with conscientiousness and openness. Conscientiousness is significantly positively correlated with extraversion and openness. Additionally, extraversion is significantly positively correlated with openness.
3. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, extroversion, attachment avoidance, and attachment anxiety are all significantly negatively correlated. Neuroticism is significantly positively correlated with both attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety. There is a significant positive correlation between openness and attachment anxiety.
4. There is a significant positive correlation between agreeableness and behavior. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, extroversion, and jealousy exhibit a significant negative correlation. On the other hand, neuroticism and openness exhibit a significant positive correlation with jealousy.
5. The level of conscientiousness is significantly negatively correlated with attachment avoidance, jealousy, and behavior. Extraversion is significantly negatively correlated with attachment anxiety and behavior.
6. Neuroticism and openness are significantly positively correlated with attachment anxiety, jealousy, and behavior.
Based on the above conclusions, in addition to agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, and openness can all predict adult attachment. Higher levels of conscientiousness are less likely to exhibit tendencies of attachment avoidance, while higher levels of extraversion are less likely to display tendencies of attachment anxiety. On the other hand, higher levels of neuroticism and openness are more likely to create situations that generate feelings of attachment anxiety. In other words, in addition to neuroticism's ability to predict attachment anxiety, openness and extraversion can also predict tendencies towards attachment anxiety. Conscientiousness can predict tendencies of attachment avoidance.
Regarding the predictive power of personality traits and adult attachment on the tendency of separation assault, research has shown that conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, and openness can all serve as predictors of separation assault. People who are more conscientious or extraverted are less likely to experience feelings of jealousy and, as a result, are less likely to engage in violent behavior. On the other hand, individuals with high levels of neuroticism and openness are more likely to experience feelings of jealousy and engage in behaviors that can lead to separation assault.
In addition, attachment anxiety can accurately predict feelings of jealousy and behavior. This suggests that individuals who experience higher levels of attachment anxiety are more likely to engage in acts of separation assault. However, tendencies of attachment avoidance were unable to predict the occurrence of separation assault in this study. In conclusion, both personality traits and adult attachment can be considered important factors in exploring separation assault. It is particularly important to pay attention to individuals with high levels of neuroticism, openness, and attachment anxiety, as they are more likely to engage in separation assault.
Finally, based on the research findings, this study also provides recommendations for future research directions and practical applications, which can be valuable for professionals in the field. |