| 摘要: | 地球持續升溫造成重大影響，尤以農業為首當其衝受影響的產業，面對全球溫度上升導致氣候變遷，影響不單只有溫度變化，全球水資源體系的改變導致乾旱期延長使得作物產能受到影響、水患衝擊也大幅提高農業災損，全球海平面上升讓可耕地面積減少，亦或研究顯示病蟲害的轉變甚至造成嚴重的糧食危機。
全球著重目標於減少碳排放及增加固碳能力以減少全球溫室氣體總量，較少針對單一產業進行探討，故藉此探討農業其負碳農耕模式與土壤碳匯之相關做法。本文藉由先行探討慣行農法、有機農法與植物工廠之耕種方法與整體環境面向以及碳排放與吸收的因素，再針對永續發展下的聯合國永續發展目標(SDGs)探究，分析結果建議以固碳效果最佳之有機農法作為主軸。
本文以文獻分析法及半結構式訪談法，於國內三家有機農場為研究對象，再以比較研究法針對國外實況作為比較研究，發現臺灣農場要提升碳固存率，可藉由提升土壤有機質及增加生物碳之使用，也能藉由小農合作共生策略及推廣食農教育，達到提升全臺有機農業市場進而提升農產業碳之儲存量及減少碳的釋出。
The agricultural sector has been the first to be affected by the continuous increase in the earth’s temperature. In the face of global change caused by rising global temperatures, climate change affects not only global temperatures, but also global water resources.
As a result of this, the drought period is extended and crop yields are reduced. Floods also have a significant impact on agricultural losses, while rising sea levels reduce tillable land. Moreover, research suggests that blight-induced changes could even precipitate a severe
food crisis.
The global objective is to decrease carbon emissions and increase carbon fixation capacity in order to reduce the total global greenhouse gas emissions. However, There is still a scarcity of research on a specific industry. On the basis of this, practices related to negative carbon farming models and social carbon sinks were discussed. First, conventional farming, organic farming, and plant factory cultivation methods, as well as the global environmental aspects and factors that contribute to carbon emissions and
absorption were explored. In terms of sustainable development, the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were subsequently investigated. Based on the analysis results, it is suggested that organic farming with the highest carbon fixation rates be used as the
primary axis.
Literature analysis and semi-structured interviews were used in this study, with three domestic organic farms serving as participants. On the basis of the actual situation abroad, the comparative research methodology was then employed for comparison. It was found that Taiwan farm could increase soil organic matter while increasing biocarbon use, to increase the rate of carbon sequestration. Additionally, the market for organic agriculture in Taiwan can be expanded by working with farmers and promoting food agriculture education. In turn, carbon storage in the agricultural sector can be increased while carbon emissions can be reduced. |
