預防性羈押制度之研究

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Title:	預防性羈押制度之研究 A Study on the Preventive Detention System
Authors:	王祝瑀
Contributors:	法律學系
Keywords:	預防性羈押再犯之虞警察社會治安
Date:	2023
Issue Date:	2023-07-06 13:11:27 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本文以理論與實證訪談的角度，探討預防性羈押制度，與社會治安之關聯。對於預防性羈押制度，透過法務部公布統計資料，分析近年犯罪結構與預防性羈押制度運用狀況，以及為了探討預防性羈押制度實施是否能達到維護治安，讓人民免於日常生活中受到可預測之刑事案件侵害。同時，以警察為訪談目標，從警察之視角了解預防性羈押制度實施狀況，分別對於預防性羈押的再犯之虞判斷、申請實際狀況以及與社會治安關係為三大主軸，探討預防性羈押制度之實行成果。對於預防性羈押的再犯之虞判斷，警方提出與學說及實務上不同之見解，認為須從案件事實至犯罪嫌疑人之心理狀態綜合判斷，且不得因媒體報導，而導致之輿論壓力，使對於再犯之虞之認定標準有所不一；再者，我國各地風俗民情不一，故所發生案件性質也不一，使預防性羈押制度之適用情形也不同；最後，透過實證訪談中警方對於預防性羈押制度之適用，較常使用於社會重大案件，但社會治安之根本問題，是由小案件堆積而成的，單靠預防性羈押制度，想要達到維護社會治安之成效，明顯不彰，最後不只犯罪不會被預防，反而會移轉到判定寬鬆之地，更易淪為政治安撫人民之最佳工具。故於本文文末，提出對於預防性羈押制度提出建議。 This article explores the relationship between the preventive detention system and social security from the perspective of theoretical and empirical interviews. Through the statistical data released by the Ministry of Justice, the preventive detention system analyzes the crime structure and the application status of the preventive detention system in recent years. And in order to explore whether the implementation of the preventive detention system can achieve the maintenance of law and order, so that people are not subject to predictable criminal cases in daily life. At the same time, the police were interviewed as targets to understand the implementation of the preventive detention system from the perspective of the police. The judgment of the risk of recidivism, the actual status of the application, and the relationship with social security in preventive detention are the three main axes, and the implementation results of the preventive detention system are discussed. Regarding the judgment of the risk of recidivism in preventive detention, the police put forward different opinions from the theory and practice. It is believed that a comprehensive judgment should be made from the facts of the case to the mental state of the criminal suspect. And the pressure of public opinion caused by media reports should not make the standards for determining the risk of recidivism different. Furthermore, the customs and conditions in various parts of our country are different, so the nature of the cases occurred is also different, so the application of the preventive detention system is also different. Finally, through empirical interviews, the police's application of the preventive detention system is more often used in major social cases. But the fundamental problem of social security is caused by the accumulation of small cases. Relying solely on the preventive detention system to achieve the effect of maintaining social order is obviously ineffective. In the end, not only will the crime not be prevented, but it will be transferred to a place where the judgment is loose, and it will become the best tool for politics to appease the people. Therefore, at the end of this article, suggestions are put forward for the preventive detention system.
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