The urban thermal environment directly affects the comfort and safety of outdoor public spaces and indirectly affects urban public health and building energy consumption. Since urban street valleys are the main outdoor space for pedestrians, this study will investigate the three-dimensional dynamic spatial variation of the thermal environment of street valleys at the human scale and the microclimate of thermal radiation, thermal convection, and thermal conduction on urban sidewalks. Urban street trees provide many environmental, social, and economic benefits to our cities. This study investigates the role of tree planting in improving the thermal environment of pedestrian valleys on Section 2 of Xinsheng South Road, and Section 3 of Zhongxiao East Road in Taipei City. This study will use thermal imaging lenses to collect thermal environment data from the street surface and use urban dynamic sounding scans to obtain three-dimensional air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and other climate map information. This study will analyze the thermal environment of urban street valleys in terms of surface thermal and vertical spatial thermal environments and then study the reflective temperature attenuation phenomenon of building facades and street floors under the influence of green coverage and shading to understand its thermal mitigation effect. The study will improve the static representation of the past two-dimensional climate maps of the thermal environment of urban valleys by using three-dimensional vertical spatial data to more accurately understand the real spatial temperature variations. The study will provide a theoretical basis for future thermal environment improvement in new or old neighborhoods.