| 摘要: | 本研究以心理傳記學為方法，對十七、十八世紀英國安妮皇后（Queen Anne）的生命故事進行深入探究，輔以心理凸顯性以及原型情景等心理提取線索方法，並且運用心理學理論，對安妮皇后的生命進行分析與詮釋。
首先，本研究探討安妮皇后一生中多次流產、失去胎兒與喪子，終至沒有子嗣的悲傷、哀悼心境，很可能是安妮追求掌權以及在位時顯現母性的原動力。接著，探究對安妮皇后提出之兩個懸念性問題。問題一旨在探究安妮皇后一生中懷孕高達十八次之動機與目的，可能出自於安妮皇后為追求繼位權、掌權的延續，追求國家穩定等目的，歸結出其有強烈的權力動機。問題二旨在探討安妮皇后在位時「國家與人民的母親」角色，可能對其「沒有子嗣的母親」身分具有補償性意義。經歷失去子嗣的生命經驗，安妮可能把個人對於繼位權的追求，昇華成為對於整個英國與子民的照顧和疼惜，從而彰顯其母性。
另外，藉由小時候「樹或人爭論」事件當中之否認、堅持己見的特徵，作為安妮日後展現好強、固執之堅毅性格的原型情景。而安妮在治國、宗教理念與認同上，有諸多仿效伊莉莎白一世之舉，推論安妮有意把伊莉莎白一世視為典範楷模。
最後，綜合闡述沒有子嗣為安妮皇后的生命所帶來的可能意涵與影響，以及在安妮身上充分展現之陰陽能量流動的氣息，以榮格人格理論之anima/animus原型與陰陽太極圖為傳主生命作結。而透過原型情景指標的參照，探討暫時以「非典型原型情景」解釋「樹或人爭論」的可能性，或可視為方法上的探索性突破。
This psychobiographical study aims to deep dive into, thus attempts to analyze and interpret the life of Anne Stuart, an English monarch during 17th and 18th century, by utilizing suitable psychology theories. Method of this research also includes psychological saliencies and prototypical scene to extract potential psychological clues.
First, this thesis discusses that the grief and mourning of losing children and suffering multiple pregnancy loss may have fundamentally motivated Queen Anne of her strong desire for power throughout her lifetime and the tenderness of motherhood during her reign. Second, this research argues that the motivation of Queen Anne’s eighteen pregnancies may be contributed to her strong power motive, and the goal here is to ensure future security and stability of her beloved nation being in safe hands, that is through the succession of her children. Third, this study tends to believe that as sovereign, the role of ‘the mother of England and her people’ may be a sort of compensation to her being ‘the childless mother’ or ‘the mother of her deceased children’. After suffering countless demise of her children and pregnancy loss, there’s a chance that Queen Anne’s personal pursuit of the succession of her children have been sublimed into her care and tenderness (i.e., motherhood) toward her country and her people during her reign.
Fourth, this study suggests that the ‘tree/human argument’ from Queen Anne’s childhood containing signs such as negation and stubbornness could be the prototypical scene of her core personality traits such as competitiveness and perseverance. Fifth, there are several signs indicate that Queen Anne seems to take former Queen Elizabeth I as her role model, showing possible identification to her ideals of ruling and religion.
Lastly, this thesis concludes with the potential impact and implication of being childless in Queen Anne’s life, also discusses that Queen Anne being a stellar example as an individual of accumulating the transformative energy of yin and yang, which could be elucidated using Jung’s anima/animus archetypes and Chinese Yin-Yang symbol. This study would also like to point out that, methodological speaking, the ‘tree/human argument’ as prototypical scene might not entirely fit the principles of Schultz’s prototypical scene, hence exploring the possibility of it tentatively being an atypical prototypical scene. |
