| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討正向心理取向團體方案對大學生生涯適應力之輔導效果，採取不等組前後測及追蹤測量之準實驗設計。以台北某大學14名具有生涯困擾或對生涯議題感到好奇者為研究對象，隨機分派至實驗組及控制組。兩組參與者均需接受前、後測及團體結束四周後的追蹤測量。實驗組接受八次，每次2小時的正向心理取向團體諮商作為實驗處理，並於團體結束後兩週內進行訪談；控制組則不接受任何處理，待研究結束後帶領補償性工作坊，以維護控制組成員之權益及遵守研究倫理。
本研究自變項為正向心理取向團體方案；依變項為生涯適應力，並以「大學生生涯適應力量表」之得分所示。將所得資料使用以單因子共變數分析進行量化分析，並於團體結束後與實驗組成員進行個別訪談。本研究主要研究結論如下：
一、正向心理取向團體方案對大學生之「生涯關注」未具有立即性及持續性的輔導效果。
二、正向心理取向團體方案對大學生之「生涯控制」具有立即性及持續性的輔導效果。
三、正向心理取向團體方案對大學生之「生涯好奇」未具有立即性及持續性的輔導效果。
四、正向心理取向團體方案對大學生之「生涯自信」未具有持續性的輔導效果，在立即輔導效果上，有三位成員顯著低於控制組，一位成員未有顯著差異，兩位成員顯著高於控制組。
五、正向心理取向團體方案對大學生之「生涯適應力」未具有持續性的輔導效果，在立即輔導效果上，有三位成員未有顯著差異，三位成員顯著高於控制組。
六、成員參與正向心理取向團體之生涯探索經驗：
在團體中成員多半感覺到溫馨自在、接納傾聽且不強迫的團體氣氛，覺得可以放心與他人分享自己內在的想法或過去經驗，並從中獲得人際支持，得以調整自身身心狀態。也在團體中感受到正向情緒、對個人經驗的正向解釋以及心態上的鬆綁與彈性等正向心理取向的特徵。
最後，研究者根據研究結果提出建議，以作為學校輔導工作、諮商實務工作者及未來研究之參考。
The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of positive psychology group therapy on career adaptability of college students. The study uses quasi-experimental design to compare pre-test, post-test, and follow-up performance with different groups. The study recruit 14 college students who are bothered from their career or curious about their career from a national university in Taipei. They were randomly assigned to the experimental group or the control group. Subjects of both groups were measured pre-test, post-test, and 4 weeks follow-up performance. Subject s of the experimental group received 2-hour positive psychology therapy session of 8 times, then they were interviewed once again after the end of the session within 2 weeks. On the other hand, subjects in the control group took no treatment at the same time. The researcher provided with the same group therapy after the end of the experiment to protect their right and obey the research ethics.
The independent variable in the study is the treatment of the positive psychology group therapy. The dependent variable is career adaptability which is measured by CSCAI (College Student Career Adaptability Inventory). After using quantitative analysis method such as one-factor ANCOVA and interviews with the experimental group members, the major findings are concluded as follows:
1.Positive psychology group therapy had neither immediate nor follow-up effect on career concern for the college students.
2.Positive psychology group therapy had both immediate and follow-up effect on career control for the college students.
3.Positive psychology group therapy had neither immediate nor follow-up effect on career curiosity for the college students.
4.Positive psychology group therapy had no follow-up effect on career confidence for the college students. For the immediately effect, in comparison with the control group, there are 3 members got significantly lower effects, 2 members got significantly higher effects, and the other 1 member had no significantly different effect in the experimental group.
5.Positive psychology group therapy had no follow-up effect on career adaptivity for college students. For the Immediately effect, in comparison with the control group, 3 members of the experimental group has no significantly different effects while the other 3 members of the groups got significantly higher effects.
6.The career exploration experience in the positive psychology group therapy for the members as follows:
The participants of the group most experienced warm, comfortable, listening and unconstrained feelings. They felt free and safe to share with the other people their views and experiences and they could receive interpersonal supports that help them to make mental adjustments. They also experienced positive psychology features such as positive emotions, positive interpretation and mental relaxation.
Based on the result of this study, this research expects to provide advices for counseling practitioner and future works. |
