兒少安置機構保育員實務知識發展之研究

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Title:	兒少安置機構保育員實務知識發展之研究 Research on the Development of Practical Knowledge of Caregivers in Child and Adolescent Placement Agencies
Authors:	張玉玟
Contributors:	青少年兒童福利碩士學位學程
Keywords:	兒少安置機構保育人員實務知識知識發展教養意識 Child placement agencies Childcare staff Practical knowledge Knowledge development Upbringing awareness
Date:	2022
Issue Date:	2023-03-07 14:29:32 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	兒少安置機構保育人員是兒少安置處遇中的重要角色，保育員照顧孩童時無論是教養情境、服務互動、同儕之間的支持，以及安置機構保育員的實務認知，及保育員在教養時壓力的處理，都將是保育員的實務知識。研究發現如下：一、兒少安置機構保育人員的實務知識資深保育員對特殊性格之孩子的應對，較新進保育員得心應手；但新進保育員在特殊性格的專業認知了解上，也有個人所學的專業根據。資深保育員對服務對象的互動方式，較以對特殊性格孩子有效掌控的方式，以至於在工作上，能達到預期的改變不良行為。二、兒少安置機構保育人員工作時的專業認知結構即是實務知識教養意識是安置機構保育員在任職的實務階段中，實務知識結構建構的重要契機。實務知識是個人在實務中對其事象（事件實際現象）的認知結構，以及他對該事象的認識或經驗。研究顯示保育員的實務工作經常有突發事件，需要敏銳的自我覺察照應到所學知識，才下策略執行。而保育員在實際工作中互動時，需要當下的覺察與發現、洞悉互動對象而該如何應對的一種思維模式，因此在教養時當下的「意識」是建構實務知識結構的關鍵。所以教養意識是實務知識結構建構的重要契機。三、兒少安置機構保育人員實務認知發展安置機構保育員任職時常面臨突發事件的情境，需要有敏銳的覺察，是一種自動化的敏感度反應，實屬是保育員的個人特質，其心中有更多正向的心理資本。在兒少的養育上，需要長時間的輔導才能看到改善，因此日常生活中潛移默化的感化很重要，即是保育老師在生活中以身作則的模範，使問題行為能事半功倍的改善。四、影響安置機構保育人員專業認知發展¬¬的因素影響保育員實務知識發展的因素包括個人的人格特質、早年的生活經歷與所學知識、與同事的社會學習，以及實際教導時的互動與體會。本研究提出以下建議：針對研究結果提出對安置機構保育人員在工作上的實務知識品質的改進，以作為專業繼續教育訓練和人力政策參考建議。一、根據其「有意義學習」有意義學習的理論，主張「講解式教學法」(Expository Teaching Method)，增進兒少安置機構保育員照顧的品質。二、透過實務案例教學教育協助兒少安置機構保育人員因應各種的服務情境。三、最終建議改善保育人員工作壓力與增進抒壓方案 The childcare staff of child and adolescent placement agencies play a vital role in treatment plan. When a childcare staff takes care of children, any parenting situation, interaction during service, support among peers, as well as awareness in practical work and handling of stress during parenting will all be the practical knowledge of the childcare staff. The researchers found the following： 1. Practical knowledge of caregivers in child and adolescent placement agencies. Veteran childcare staff are more adept than new childcare staff in coping with the special characteristics of their clients; however, new childcare staff also have their own professional basis for their professional cognition and understanding of the special characteristics of their service clients. 2. The professional cognitive structure of the childcare staff in the child and adolescent placement agency is practical knowledge. Veteran childcare staff interact with their clients is more effective in controlling children with special characteristics, so that they can achieve the expected behavioral changes at work. The awareness of upbringing is an important opportunity for the construction of the practical knowledge structure of the childcare staff in the placement agency in the practical stage. Practical knowledge is an individual's cognitive structure of the event in practice, as well as his knowledge or experience of the event. Research shows that childcare workers often encounter unexpected events in their practical work, and they need keen self-awareness to take care of what they have learned before implementing strategies. When childcare staff interact in actual work, they need to be aware of the moment, discover, and understand the interaction object and how to deal with it. Therefore, the current " awareness " during parenting is the key to constructing the structure of practical knowledge. Therefore, the awareness of parenting is an important opportunity for the construction of practical knowledge structure. 3. Practical cognitive development of childcare staff in child placement institutions Childcare staff in placement agencies are often faced with emergencies when they work. They need to be keenly aware. This is an automatic sensitivity response. It is really a personal trait of a childcare worker, who has more positive psychological capital in his heart. In the parenting of children and adolescents, long-term counseling is needed to see improvement. Therefore, the subtle influence in daily life is very important. That is, the nursery teacher sets an example in life, which can make problem behaviors improve with half the effort. 4. Factors affecting the professional cognitive development of childcare staff in placement agencies. Factors that affect the development of childcare staff ' practical knowledge include personal personality traits, early life experiences and knowledge, social learning with colleagues, and interactions and experiences during practical teaching. This study makes the following recommendations: According to the research results, it is proposed to improve the quality of practical knowledge of the childcare staff in the placement agency, which can be used as a reference for professional continuing education training and human resources policy. 1. According to its "meaningful learning" theory of meaningful learning, it advocates the "Exppository Teaching Method" to improve the quality of care provided by the childcare staff in the placement agencies for children. 2. Through practical case teaching and education, assist the childcare staff of children and adolescent placement agencies to cope with various service situations. Childcare childcare staff of child placement agencies to respond to various service situations through practical case teaching and education. 3. Finally, it is recommended to improve the work pressure of childcare staff and enhance the pressure relief plan.
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