| 摘要: | 幼兒教育中「空間環境」是幼兒隱形的老師，往往在生活中扮演著潛移默化的重要角色，且幼兒園的空間與幼兒生活需求習習相關，可見「空間環境」對於幼兒成長學習之重要性。隨著開放式教學的普及，教師在教學上的安排可以更加豐富有彈性，空間環境更是支撐各種學習的關鍵因子。然而在設計幼兒園時多從法規高度的制式化規定、空間大小的硬體規格作為設計考量，較少從使用者的角度探討幼兒園外部環境及內部空間之相互關係，進而導致空間使用上呈現壁壘分明的情況。
研究者認為社區環境之於幼兒園，就如同幼兒園空間環境之於幼兒成長一般重要，良好的空間環境安排不僅提供豐富的教學資源，更影響幼兒成長學習。因此，本研究以空間形構法則與社會網絡分析二種理論作為研究理論架構，藉此探討臺北市內湖區大湖公園周邊，從基地選址開始進而設計一套符合幼兒、教師需求的幼兒園空間計畫。
本研究將基於空間形構法則中之軸線法與視域法，運用Depthmap軟體計算研究範圍中各空間之整合度，並以此分析為依據進行幼兒園基地選址。確定基地位置後透過入園訪談教師以及設計教案對幼兒進行試教活動以瞭解教師及幼兒需求，輔以基地本身空間機能一同思考，再以社會網絡分析軟體Gephi檢視各空間節點間的相互關聯性，最後設計一套以使用者為中心的幼兒園空間計畫。
透過本研究可以更清楚幼兒園建築內部空間與外部環境之關聯性。藉此設計以使用者為中心考慮環境使用的幼兒園空間計畫，進而使幼兒得以從空間環境中主動探索學習。研究結果將提供未來幼兒園選址及空間設計與配置之具體參考。
In early childhood education, the "spatial environment" is an invisible teacher for children, who often play an important role in life, and the preschool space is related to children's daily needs and habits. This shows the importance of "spatial environment" for children's growth and learning. With the popularization of open teaching, teachers' teaching arrangements can be richer and more flexible, and the space environment is the key factor supporting various learning. However, when designing preschools, the design considerations are usually based on the high degree of standardization of laws and regulations, and the hardware specifications of the space size. The relationship between the external environment and the internal space of the preschool is rarely discussed from the perspective of users, which leads to clear barriers in space use.
Researchers believe that the community environment is as important to the preschool as the preschool space environment is to the growth of children. A good spatial environment arrangement not only provides rich teaching resources, but also affects children's growth and learning. Therefore, this study uses two theories of spatial structure and social network analysis as the theoretical framework to explore the surrounding area of Dahu Park in the Neihu District of Taipei City. Starting from the site selection, a set of preschool spatial program that meet the needs of children and teachers are designed.
This research will use Depthmap software to calculate the integration value of each space in the research area based on the method of Axial Map Analysis and Visual Graph Analysis in the Space Syntax, and use this analysis as the b17asis for the site selection of the preschool base. After determining the location of the base, teaching activities for children through interviews with teachers in the preschool to understand the needs of teachers and children. At the same time, the overall space configuration of the preschool is designed based on the function, and the social network analysis software Gephi is used to examine the interrelationship of each space. And finish the preschool spatial program.
Through this research, we can better understand the relationship between the internal space of the preschool building and the external environment. In this way, we design a spatial program in preschool that takes the user as the center and considers the use of the environment, so that children can actively explore and learn from the environment. The research results will provide specific references for future preschool site selection and space design and configuration. |
