文化大學機構典藏 CCUR:Item 987654321/51023
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    题名: 手球射門的肩關節等速肌力貢獻因素：鑑別分析法
    Contributing Factors of Isokinetic Shoulder Strength to Handball Shooting: A Discriminant Function Analysis
    作者: 游晴惠
    贡献者: 體育學系運動教練碩博士班
    关键词: 投擲球速
    過肩投擲
    肌力診斷
    throwing velocity
    overhead throwing
    strength diagnosis
    日期: 2021
    上传时间: 2023-02-16 13:56:05 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究的主要目的在篩選手球運動員的肩關節等速肌力診斷指標，實驗召募優秀手球運動員33名（身高175.4 ± 7.1公分，體重74.3 ± 12.8公斤，年齡20.1 ± 0.9歲，手球經驗10.1 ± 2.5年）、休閒運動員27名（身高174.1 ± 6.6公分，體重75.0 ± 11.1公斤，年齡21.1 ± 1.7歲）與無規律運動者25名（身高172.7 ± 5.6公分，體重70.1 ± 12.9公斤，年齡21.4 ± 1.2歲）作為實驗參與者，通過Biodex System 4 Pro系統記錄肩關節三個運動平面（橫切面、矢狀面、額狀面）於60度/秒、180度/秒、300度/秒情境下的等速肌力，也利用Vicon高速攝影機（Vero v2.2, 250 Hz）收集原地站立射門動作的出手射門。實驗獲得的肌力參數與射門球速經獨立樣本多變量變異數分析與Duncan法事後比較實驗組別的差異後，再通過逐步鑑別分析建立肩關節等速肌力的鑑別方程，也使用多元迴歸分析觀察肌力參數對於射門球速的解釋度。結果顯示，手球運動員與休閒運動員的肩關節肌力與爆發力都顯著高於無規律運動者（ps < .05），而在原地站立射門出手瞬間的球速，顯示手球運動員（22.9 ± 1.3 m/s）顯著高於休閒運動員（18.7 ± 2.9 m/s）、無規律運動者（15.8 ± 2.3 m/s），肌力參數對手球射門球速的解釋度均在17%以下。逐步鑑別分析篩選出肩關節橫切面運動的肌力參數為300度/秒的外旋標準化最大力矩、外旋平均爆發力、內旋最大力矩，有效鑑別實驗參與組別的肩關節等速肌力指標準確度達63.5%，而矢狀面運動的肌力參數為60度/秒伸肌標準化最大力矩、180度/秒伸肌平均爆發力，額狀面運動的肌力參數為180度/秒內收平均爆發力、300度/秒外展最大力矩，並可以有效鑑別實驗參與組別的肩關節等速肌力指標準確度分別達64.7%與62.4%。未來優秀手球運動員的肩關節肌力表現監控，可以採高速低負荷進行橫切面與額狀面的運動測驗，而矢狀面則可選用慢速重負荷的設定。
    The purpose of this study was to explore distinct handball experience groups according to the isokinetic strength features of shoulder, and to identify the key discriminate of strength and power. Thirty-three high experienced male collegiate team-handball players (height: 175.4 ± 7.1 cm, mass: 74.3 ± 12.8 kg, age: 20.1 ± 0.9 years, and experience in handball training: 10.1 ± 2.5 years), 27 recreational collegiate athletes with no-handball experience (height: 174.1 ± 6.6 cm, mass: 75.0 ± 11.1 kg, and age: 21.1 ± 1.7 years), and 25 collegiate students who had never experienced any sport training (height: 172.7 ± 5.6 cm, mass: 70.1 ± 12.9 kg, and age: 21.4 ± 1.2 years) participated in the study. Peak torques and power of the dominant shoulder in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes were recorded using a Biodex System 4 Pro isokinetic at 60, 180, and 300 deg/s. The ball velocity of release of standing shooting was acquired at a sampling rate of 250 Hz with a Vicon (15 Vero v2.2 cameras) motion analysis system. The independent MANOVA and Duncan post-hoc identified key differences as well as similarities between all three groups of sport participated. The stepwise discriminant analysis was applied to elucidate the strength and power characteristics with discriminative power among the groups of sport experience. The stepwise multiple regression analysis was adopted to interpret as the proportion of shooting velocity variation that can be explained by shoulder strength and power. MANOVA indicated the shoulder strength and power variables of the handball players and no-handball athletes were higher than non-athletes significantly (ps < .05). The results showed the ball velocity of release of standing shooting of the handball players (22.9 ± 1.3 m/s) was higher than no-handball athletes (18.7 ± 2.9 m/s) and non-athletes (15.8 ± 2.3 m/s). The portion of the total variance in ball velocity of release was less than 17%, which can be explained by the variance of shoulder strength. The stepwise discriminant analyses indicated that the standardized peak torque, average power of external rotation, and the peak torque of internal rotation at 300 deg/s identify the key shoulder strength indicators in the movement of transverse plane that best differentiate the groups of sport experience in 63.5% of cases. The standardized peak extension torque at 60 deg/s and the average extension power at 180 deg/s in sagittal plane and the average adduction power at 180 deg/s and the peak abduction torque at 300 deg/s in frontal plane were the key indicators that differentiate the groups of sport experience in 64.7% and 62.4% of cases, respectively. This study recommended that using a higher velocity test (light load) in transverse and frontal plane, as well as a lower velocity test (heavy load) in sagittal plane moderately discriminate and monitor the performance of shoulder strength for the elite handball players.
    显示于类别:[運動教練研究所] 博碩士論文

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