| 摘要: | 黃耆是日常生活中常見的中藥材，具有豐富的生物活性物質與優秀的藥理作用表現，可用於診療方劑中，也可以用於藥食同源，作為保健飲食的一個重要成分，因此成為熱門的研究對象。回顧這幾十年來的科學研究，發現黃耆中有許多不同的有效成分，其中以多醣類、黃酮類與皂苷類的功效報告最多，分別發現在免疫調節、抗腫瘤、臟器保護與糖尿病治療等藥理作用上，皆具有改善或保護的效果。在前人的研究中對於黃耆的微量元素的報告，數據結果顯示不同研究所測得的含量歧異性非常大，所列的不同金屬含量在各篇研究並不相同。本研究將中國內蒙古收集的兩種黃耆樣品進行微波消化後，藉由感應耦合電漿體質譜儀進行黃耆根、莖、葉的元素分析，結果顯示樣品的有害重金屬含量皆符合中華民國中藥材含重金屬限量基準。同時也發現黃耆富含對身體有益的微量元素鐵、錳、鉬與硒，本報告是全世界第一篇報導黃耆中硒含量的研究。根據美國衛生研究院的每日建議上限攝取量，因此在一般飲食劑量範圍內，長期使用黃耆，不但可以獲取黃耆的保健成分，亦可以增加微量元素的攝取，對健康是有幫助的，而且不會有重金屬危害的問題。
Astragalus is a common Chinese medicinal material in daily life. It has rich biological active substances and excellent pharmacological performance. Since it can be used both in medicine and food, it is used in treatment prescriptions and also as an important component of health care diet, which makes it become popular research object. Reviewing on the scientific research over the past few decades, it was found that there are many different effective ingredients in Astragalus sinensis. Among them, the efficacy of polysaccharides, flavonoids and saponins are the most reported. All astragalus components had been found to have pharmacological effects on the improving disease or protecting health effects in immune regulation, anti-tumor, organ protection and diabetes therapy. In previous studies on the trace elements of astragalus, the data results showed that the contents measured by different researches was very different, and the contents of different metals listed in different researches are not the same. In this study, two samples of astragalus collected in Inner Mongolia, China were subjected to microwave digestion. The roots, stems, and leaves of astragalus were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-Mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The results showed that the harmful heavy metal content of the samples were in line with the traditional Chinese medicine of the Republic of China. Astragalus was found also rich in trace elements of Fe, Mn, Mo and Se, which are beneficial to the body. This study gives the first report on the selenium content of astragalus. According to the daily recommended upper limit of the NIH, USA, long-term use of astragalus in the general dietary dose range can not only obtain the healthy ingredients of astragalus, but also increase the intake of trace elements, which is helpful to health. And there will be no risk on the harmful heavy metal intakes. |
