跑步所造成的下肢運動傷害一直是跑者與運動員所共同關心的議題，過去研究指出，著地型態是影響跑步傷害的因素之一，採前足著地跑法雖會降低膝關節負荷，但也易造成踝關節肌群過度疲勞與增大踝關節負荷。此外，著鞋與否與鞋款特性皆會對跑步著地技術的執行帶來影響，進而形成不同的傷害風險。且跑步是一多關節、多肢段參與的複雜動作，故了解下肢關節間活動的相互關係與傷害間的關聯應有助於釐清傷害的發生。以此，本文將透過過去運動生物力學相關議題之探究，以不同面向陳述與跑步傷害有關的機制，以期對下肢傷害之預防有所助益。
The lower extremity injuries caused by running have always been an issue of common concern for runners and athletes. Previous studies indicated that the foot strike pattern is one of the injury factors that affect running. Although the forefoot strike can reduce the load on the knee joint, it is also easy to cause excessive fatigue of the ankle joint muscles and increase the load on the ankle joint. In addition, whether the shoes are worn or not and the characteristics of the shoes will affect the foot strike patterns, and thus create different risks of injury. Because running is a complex movement involving multi-joint and multi-segment, understanding the relationship between the activities of the lower extremity joints and injuries will help clarify the occurrence of injuries. Hence, this article will summarize the different aspects of sports biomechanics research to explore the mechanism of running injury in order to help the prevention of lower extremity injuries.
