| 摘要: | 縱使有大量的資訊教導我們如何教養孩子，但不同世代與背景之母親可能有著不同的想法與作為，年輕的母親試圖掙脫上一代舊有之教養觀念，然而傳統與現代之矛盾仍可能困擾著他們。故本研究旨在瞭解臺北市幼兒母親原生家庭教養風格與母職教養信念之研究。基於此，本研究之目的為瞭解臺北市幼兒母親原生家庭「教養風格」與「母職教養信念」之情形；分析幼兒母親之母職教養信念是否因個人背景變項而有差異；分析原生家庭教養風格與母職教養信念之相關性；探討原生家庭的教養風格對母職教養信念之影響。本研究採問卷調查法，以配額取樣方式，共取得臺北市500位幼兒母親問卷。研究工具包括「原生家庭教養風格量表」、「母職教養信念量表」，以及個人背景資料調查表。所得資料以描述性統計、單一樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後比較、皮爾森積差相關，以及逐步多元迴歸進行分析。本研究發現，不同「家庭型態」之幼兒母親，其母職教養信念有顯著差異；「非雙親家庭」之幼兒母親，對於「倫理觀」和「自我犧牲觀」之認知高於雙親家庭的幼兒母親。相關分析結果發現，除了「嚴教觀」與「民主權威」無顯著相關，以及 「倫理觀」與「忽視冷漠」無顯著相關外，其餘教養觀與教養風格皆具有顯著低度正相關。迴歸分析結果發現，「教養風格」對「母職教養信念」各面向皆有顯著影響。服從觀及報酬觀方面，以「民主權威」最具影響力。嚴教觀及倫理觀方面，以「專制權威」最具影響力。自我犧牲觀、期望觀方面，以「過度保護」最具影響力 。本研究發現「民主權威」教養風格有利於報酬觀、服從觀、
倫理觀、自我犠牲觀以及期望觀之信念建立。「專制權威」則有利於嚴教觀之信念建立。建議未來可透過「民主權威」之教養風格建立相對較多元之母職教養信念，並適時因應特定事件或教養環境，透過專制權威的教養風格建立嚴教觀之信念，讓教養風格不僅是單一而是多元，且能適時調整。
Despite magnanimous information is available on how to raise children, mothers of different generations and from backgrounds may have different ideas and take varying actions. Young mothers who try to break away from the stereotyped parenting concepts delivered by their parents are still haunted by the contradiction between traditional concepts and modern ideas. Therefore, this research is designed to understand the parenting style and motherhood beliefs of the family of origin of children’s mothers in Taipei City. Based on it, this research aims to get access to the “parenting style” and “mothering beliefs” of the family of origin of children’s mothers in Taipei City, analyzes whether the motherhood beliefs of the mothers vary due to different personal backgrounds, discusses the correlation between the parenting style of the family of origin and the motherhood beliefs, and explores the impact of the parental parenting style of the family of origin on the motherhood beliefs. By virtue of the measure of questionnaires and quota sampling, 500 questionnaires have been collected from mothers in Taipei City, with tools such as the “Scale of Parenting Style of Family of Origin”, “Motherhood Belief Scale” and personal background information survey form applied for information collection, as well as descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test, independent-sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffe's Posterior Comparisons, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis adopted for information analysis. The research has found that there are significant differences in the motherhood beliefs between children’s mothers raised from different “family patterns”; and mothers from “non-two-parent families” have higher cognitions of “ethical value” and “self-sacrifice value” than those from two-parent families. According to the results of the related analysis, except for the significant irrelevance between “strict education value” and “democratic authority” as well as the significant irrelevance between “ethical value” and “ignoring indifference”, the rest of the parenting values have a significant low correlation with all parenting styles. The regression analysis results show that the “parenting style” has a noticeable effect on all aspects of “motherhood beliefs”. The most influential parenting styles are respectively "democratic authority", “autocratic authority” and “overprotection” in terms of obedience and remuneration values, strict education and ethical values, as well as self-sacrifice and expectation values. It has been found that the “democratic authority” parenting style is conducive to the establishment of values in remuneration, obedience, ethics, self-sacrifice and expectation, while the “autocratic authority” is helpful to the establishment of values in strict education. It is recommended to establish a relatively diverse motherhood belief in the future through the parenting style of “democratic authority”, and to develop the strict education value via the parenting style of “autocratic authority” corresponding to specific events or education environments for the time being. In this way, parenting style can be diversified instead of being uniform, and can be flexibly adjusted in time. |
