| 摘要: | 選擇素食的人口越來越多，可能是因為健康因素、或因為宗教因素、或是保護環境與減少迫害動物、維護動物生命權益等等。本研究關注的是，素食者飲食態度的展現是否能提升其情緒上的幸福感。本研究以臺北市成人素食者為研究對象，探討其在素食飲食的態度對情緒幸福感之相關性。
本研究採問卷調查法，以立意取樣方式選取20歲以上居住在臺北市之素食者為研究對象。研究問卷分為個人背景變項調查表、素食飲食態度量表及情緒幸福感量表。以網路方式發放900份問卷，收回900份，其中有效問卷889份。採用SPSS 20.0統計套裝軟體進行資料處理與統計分析，包括描述性統計(次數分配、百分比、平均數、標準差)、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析(若具顯著差異時進行雪費事後檢定)、以及皮爾森積差相關。
研究結果如下：
ㄧ、食素者在飲食態度上無論是認知層面、情感層面及行為層面皆呈現同意情形，尤其是認知層面；其中「我認為只要搭配得宜，茹素不會營養不良」及「我認為茹素是環保愛地球的表現」為高度認同。
二、食素者在飲食情緒幸福感之正面情緒是高同意程度，尤其是正面情緒中的「我喜愛茹素」，負面情緒為低度同意且「茹素會讓我不快樂」分數最低。
三、不同人口背景特性的素食者在飲食態度及飲食情緒幸福感上有顯著差異。
四、食素者在飲食態度及飲食情緒幸福感上有顯著關聯性並呈現正相關；也就是食素者飲食態度越佳，其飲食情緒性幸福感是越高的。
茹素者對於素食飲食習慣認為不只是帶給自己健康更是環保愛地球的具體行為，因此建議素食相關業者應加強素食教育，教導國人食用真正的素食食物而非加工食品，素食餐食及素食文化如何更普及於大眾而非僅限特定宗教人士；最後，本研究為量化研究，採結構式問卷收集資料，後續研究若能根據若干結果採用參與觀察或深度訪談等質性研究方法，將有助於進一步理解素食飲食態度與情緒幸福感之間的關係。
The study aimed at exploring the relationship between vegetarian diet attitude and emotional well-being, and it’s a case study of the adult vegetarians in Taipei City. The increase in the number of individuals who choose vegetarian food may be due to health factors, religious factors, environmental protection and reduction of animals, and protection of the rights and interests of living animals, etc. Therefore, the study focuses on whether the dietary attitude of vegetarians could improve their emotional well-being.
In the study, survey method was used to recruit vegetarians over the age of 20, who reside living in Taipei City, by means of purposive sampling and snowballing procudures. The research tools are divided into personal background variable survey forms, vegetarian diet attitude scale, and emotional well-being Sense scale. The on-line questionnaire with a Likert five-point scale were sampled from the age of 20 vegetarians who have been living in Taipei for this study. The data of 900 samples was investigated and 889 valid questionnaires were analyzed with the statistical software package SPSS for Window20.0 including the frequencies, percentage, means, standard deviation, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA (Scheffé post hoc test performed in cases with significant difference.) Pearson’s product–moment correlation. The results are as follows:
1. Vegetarians showed moderate to highly agreeable situations on the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral levels, especially on the cognitive level; among them, “I think that as long as they are properly matched, being a vegetarian will not be malnourished” and “I think being a vegetarian is environmentally friendly and loves the earth”.
2. The positive emotion level of vegetarians’ emotional well-being in eating is a high degree of agreement, especially “I like being a vegetarian.” The negative emotion level is low agreement and the score of “Being a vegetarian will make me unhappy.” is the lowest.
3. Vegetarians with different population background characteristics have significant differences in dietary attitudes and emotional well-being.
4. There is a significant positive correlation between “vegetarians diet attitudes” and “emotional well-being.” The higher level the vegetarians diet attitudes, the better the “emotional well-being.”
Vegetarians believe that vegetarian eating habits are not only to bring health to themselves, but also to protect the earth. Therefore, it is recommended that vegetarian-related businesses should strengthen vegetarian education and teach individuals to eat real vegetarian food instead of processed food. How can vegetarian meals and vegetarian culture be more popular among the general public and not limited to people of specific religions. Finally, this research is a quantitative research, using structured questionnaires to collect data. If follow-up research can use qualitative research methods such as participation observation or in-depth interviews based on certain results, it will help to further understand the relationship between vegetarian diet attitudes and emotional well-being. |
