| 摘要: | 本研究主旨在於探討單親女性大陸配偶的來台婚姻與家庭歷程、母職困境與親子關係、社會融入與就業狀態，以及其社會網絡與支持系統。研究者以「感同身受」的單親大陸配偶身份和「客觀立場」之研究生身份來研究受訪者的內心感受，以真實呈現單親女性大陸配偶在台適應之面貌。
本研究採用質性研究法之半結構深度訪談與田野觀察,訪談了13位來自中國大陸11個不同地區，而且不同年齡層次及居住在台灣不同縣市鄉鎮的單親大陸女性配偶。
透過對訪談資料的整理分析與文本詮釋，本論文得到下列研究結論：
(一) 在婚姻與家庭的歷程方面，13位受訪者都是循序漸進的戀愛而結婚，離婚姻的重要原因包括：夫妻之間的溝通不良、婆媳問題、第三者介入、家庭暴力和經濟問題。基於孩子的教育以及戶籍考量，離婚後陸配多半選擇繼續在台灣居住及工作。
(二) 在母職困境與親子關係方面，單親女性大陸配偶為了孩子留在臺灣工作和生活，必須永不停歇的雙職工作（Double Day），在經濟壓力下，使得教養孩子常常力不從心，以致親子關係呈現緊張。
(三) 在社會融入與就業狀態方面，大部分訪談者難以接受台灣的宗教與信仰風俗習慣。「陸配」因為身份被烙印標籤，在融入台灣各行各業時，仍然會發生偏見甚至被歧視的情況，很難克服。
(四) 在社會網絡與支持系統方面，單親陸配遇到困難仍然以靠自己為主要手段。但是朋友和娘家等初級系統仍是受訪者社會網絡與支持系統的來源所在。住在都會區且學歷較高的單親陸配社會資本較高，較能與社會團體與政策連結，了解並運用台灣的社會資源。多數單親女性大陸配偶認同台灣社會福利政策，如同「雪中送炭」般給予最好的支持。
The main purpose of this research is to explore the marriage and family history of single-parent female mainland spouses in Taiwan, the dilemma of motherhood and parent-child relationship, social integration and employment status, their social network and support system. The researcher with the status of a single-parent mainland spouse to truly show how single female mainland spouses adapt in Taiwan.
This research uses semi-structured in-depth interviews and field observations based on qualitative research methods. It interviewed 13 single-parent mainland female spouses from 11 different regions of mainland China, and of different age levels and living in different cities and towns in Taiwan.
Through the analysis and text interpretation of the interview data, this thesis has the following research conclusions:
(1) In terms of marriage and family history, the 13 interviewees all got married in a gradual relationship. Important reasons for leaving marriage include: poor communication between husband and wife, mother-in-law issues, third-party intervention, domestic violence, and financial problem. Based on the children's education and household registration considerations, most of them chose to continue to live and work in Taiwan after the divorce.
(2) In terms of the motherhood dilemma and parent-child relationship, single-parent female mainland spouses have to work and live in Taiwan without stopping for their children. They live double- day lifes. The parent-child relationship is tense under economic pressure,.
(3) In terms of social integration and employment status, most interviewees have difficulty accepting Taiwan’s religion and beliefs. They have been stigmated because of their identity. While the prejudices and discriminations still occur in Taiwan, integrating into Taiwan's society are difficult for them to overcome.
(4) In terms of social networks and support systems, primary systems such as friends and natal family are still the source of the interviewee's social network and support system. Single parents who live in metropolitan areas and have higher academic qualifications have higher social capital, are better able to connect with social groups and policies, and understand how to use Taiwan’s social resources. Most single-parent female mainland spouses acclaim with Taiwan’s social welfare policies as they give the best support just like "sending charcoal in the snow”. |
