醫療訴訟案件的增加，讓醫病關係日益緊張，醫療行為的定義、醫療契約的界定及醫療糾紛發生的原因，都與醫療訴訟有著密不可分的關係，在認定醫療過失責任時，必須考量醫師或醫療機構是否已盡應注意之義務，來避免不良結果發生的行為。本文針對醫師說明義務、是否告知後同意，告知後同意法則在侵權行為上性質進行分析，發現善盡告知說明義務，是可避免也能避免的醫療訴訟原因。醫療行為與不良結果之間是否有因果關係，乃是判斷有無法律責任之要件。藉由告知說明義務實際判決的分析，可以了解關於預防告知義務相關醫療訴訟的根本，唯有法、理、情都面面俱到，才能減少不必要的醫療訴訟。
醫療訴訟存在並非沒有正向的作用，遏止不良的醫療行為是其正面思考的方向，法律與醫療兩個專業融合，正如程序與倫理的融合，可將醫療專業推向更完整的面向，但醫療訴訟時常曠日廢時，造成許多人力、成本的浪費，如何能縮短訴訟時間，又能順利處理醫病雙方之爭議是我們要努力的方向。
There are growing tensions between medical and medical patients due to the increase in medical malpractice litigation cases. The definition of medical treatment, medical contract and the root cause of medical disputes are closed linked and inseparable. In determining the responsibility of medical negligence, it must be considered whether the physician or medical institution has fulfilled the duty of inform to avoid the occurrence of adverse results. After the analysis of the obligation of inform, informed consent, the rule of informed consent in wrongful act in the thesis, it is proved that the medical disputes can be avoided if the physician or medical institution has fulfilled the obligation of inform. Whether there is a causal relationship between negligence and results is the essential element of determining whether there is any legal liability. Through the analysis of judgment, we can understand the fundamental of preventive medical malpractice litigation, only the law, reason, and all-round situation, can reduce unnecessary litigation.
The existence of medical malpractice litigation is not without positive effect, curbing bad medical behavior is the direction of positive thinking, the combination of law and medical two majors, just as the integration of procedure and ethics, can push the medical profession to be more comprehensive. The medical disputes waste time, human resources, and costs. What we are striving for is to shorten the time of litigation and successfully deal with the medical disputes.
