醫療產業屬於高知識、高法規管制且高附加價值的產業，因其攸關民眾生命及健康安全，故於世界各國都是備受重視的產業。醫療的進步為人類帶來生命延長，但因壽命的增長所帶來整個社會人口高齡化的現象，已是世界各國所面臨的棘手問題。人口老化的趨勢，導致醫療需求逐年增加，相關的用藥安全也逐漸受到重視，醫療產業的優劣已影響了國家民生與社會經濟。醫療產業的供應環節中，供應鏈是否健全完善，藥品的品質是否安全無虞，儼然成為醫療產業非常重要的管理課題。
供應商的選擇是供應鏈管理中重要的決策議題之一，選擇優良的供應商，能提升企業的競爭力及達成營業目標，進一步優化產業供應鏈的健全。根據文獻回顧發現，對於供應商評選的研究雖多，但探討醫療產業的藥廠供應商評選之研究並不多見，故本研究以藥品通路商為主要研究對象，建構出通路商選擇藥廠供應商的關鍵因素之決策模型，以協助藥品通路商選擇適合本身企業的藥廠供應商夥伴。
本研究首先透過文獻回顧方式，彙整出企業選擇供應商之評選構面及準則，其次採用德菲法(Delphi Method)，針對醫藥產業相關之專家訪談及問卷填寫，歸納得出符合醫藥產業選擇藥廠供應商之關鍵評選因素，再透過層級分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP) 得出各項評選構面及準則的相對權重與重要性順序，建構出選擇藥廠供應商的評選模型。本研究結果得出藥品通路商選擇藥廠供應商之關鍵四大評選構面分別為：產品質量構面、企業經營構面、信譽及知名度構面、與財務構面等。關鍵的評選準則因素，依重要性順序之前四項準則為：產品品質，其次為生產設備與供貨能力、商譽與業界地位、供貨價格與服務佣金等。
供應商的評選具複雜性且屬於多準則的決策議題，本研究擬得出兼具質性訪談與量化研究，建構出具客觀性、公正性、及系統化的藥廠供應商評選模型，以協助藥品通路商之決策者選擇其合適的藥廠供應商。優良的藥廠供應商夥伴，不僅能幫助藥品通路商提升本身績效及競爭力，更能達到企業永續經營的目標，進而增加醫藥產業的整體效益，並優化台灣醫療產業供應鏈及造福民眾之健康福祉。
This study explores how logistics distributors choose pharmaceutical suppliers. Supplier selection is one of the critical processes in supply chain management. Selecting and evaluating the right supplier is imperative for an organization’s market competitiveness. As the pace of market globalization quickens, the market is forcing firms to develop supply chains that can quickly respond to customer needs. Thus, supplier selection has a substantial impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of the entire supply chain. A good decision-making model for evaluating and selecting suppliers is vital for sustainable enterprise development.
The aging population in Taiwan is causing an increase in demand for medical care. As the cost of medical care rises, it creates a financial burden on the government and the general population. Therefore, improving the pharmaceutical supply chain has become a crucial research issue. Although there are various types of research on supplier selection, the study of selecting pharmaceutical suppliers is not widely examined. This study employs Delphi Method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis to provide the model for selecting pharmaceutical suppliers.
Selecting a supplier is a complex problem involving qualitative and quantitative multi-criteria. First, this selecting model is reviewed from the literature of supplier selection criteria. Next, the study uses the Delphi method to differentiate the criteria for evaluating traditional and pharmaceutical suppliers that is done by an expert team. Finally, weighting criteria and collecting of selecting criteria are constructed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. This study proposes a selection model to help evaluate the importance of the selected criteria of pharmaceutical suppliers.
The findings indicate that ‘Quality of product, ’Production Facilities and Capacity,’ ‘Reputation and Position in Industry,’ and ‘Price of product and Commissions’ have been ranked as the top four critical factors. Furthermore, this study verifies the feasibility of the above model on a medical logistic distributor. The results show that the proposed selection model could be reliable in practice. Accordingly, this study obtained an effective decision approach for decision-makers to tackle complicated decision problems for pharmaceutical suppliers. The study may help enterprises to evaluate the most efficient supplier for sustainability in the medical industry and make contributions in enhancing human health and well-being.
