| 摘要: | 本研究為結合「公司治理」，探討台灣金融業對企業融資放款評估之關鍵因素；儘管目前已有許多關於銀行對企業放款的研究，但目前較少結合「公司治理」作為融資放款評估項目。
由於近年來國內外各企業陸續爆發多起企業舞弊掏空之財務危機事件，探究其原因多數是公司治理機制被忽視，為避免企業重蹈覆轍，除了公司財務績效外，「公司治理」也成為企業所重視的另一項重要經營理念，同時也是公司對外融資或募集資金時，銀行、投資人評估因素之一。
本研究透過國內外文獻蒐集及授信專家的訪談，以銀行授信人員為研究對象，採用德菲法(Delphi Method)找出銀行融資放款評估之四大構面與準則，再利用層級分析法(analytic hierarchy process, AHP)求取出四大構面、14準則之權重，進行研究分析，結果顯示：銀行在進行客戶融資放款決策評估時，以「公司治理」構面為首，優於其他「財務」、「商業市場」、「管理團隊」等構面；此與過往銀行在授信評估時的認知有所不同；這也顯示「公司治理」不僅在國內外掀起一股潮流趨勢，公司治理價值也對企業融資決策有著不可忽視的影響，近年來政府推動「公司治理」政策及評鑑制度，已日漸受到國內公司企業重視與遵循，強化公司競爭力提升形象與國際排名。
藉由上述關鍵構面、準則提出，有利於銀行於授信評估時，有較客觀及有效性的決策參考，提升放款品質與效率；引導企業建立優良的公司治理機制，提升企業價值獲得優惠融資利率，降低資金成本及財務風險，進而對整體金融業有所貢獻。
This research has combined "corporate governance" to explore the key factors of Taiwan's financial industry's evaluation of corporate financing, loans. However, there have been many studies on bank loans to enterprises, but "corporate governance" can be combined as a financing loan evaluation project.
In recent years, many domestic and foreign international companies have successively broken out financial crises caused by corporate fraud and hollowing out because of the neglecting of corporate governance mechanisms. “Corporate governance” has become another important business philosophy that we pay attention to, and it is also one of the evaluation factors of banks and investors when the company raises funds or raises funds.
In this study, through domestic and foreign literature collection and interviews with credit experts, with bank credit personnel as the research object, the Delphi Method was used to identify the four dimensions and criteria of bank financing lending evaluation, and then the use of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) found out the weights of four major dimensions and 14 criteria, and conduct research and analysis. The results shows that focusing on the “corporate governance” aspect is superior to other aspects, such as “finance”, “commercial market”, and “management team” when conduct customer financing and lending decision-making evaluations. This also shows that "corporate governance" has not only set off a trend at home and abroad, but the value of corporate governance also has a non-negligible impact on corporate financing decisions. In recent years, the government has promoted "corporate governance" policies and evaluation systems, which have gradually recognized and followed by domestic companies and enterprises, and strengthened the company's competitiveness, improved its image and international rankings.
With the above key aspects and the proposed criteria, it is helpful for banks to have a more objective and effective decision-making reference in credit evaluation, improve the quality and efficiency of lending, guide enterprises to establish excellent corporate governance mechanisms, enhance corporate value, and obtain preferential financing rates, reduce capital costs and financial risks, and then contribute to the overall financial industry. |
