| 摘要: | 黃耆既是中藥也是保健食品，已有數千年歷史了。人們常習慣煮沸將其製成保健飲品。相關研究表明，黃耆具有多種健康作用，包括對免疫調節，保護器官，改善腎臟疾病，抗糖尿病，抗高血壓和抗腫瘤治療具有顯著作用。黃耆是藥理學中最受歡迎的研究對象之一，因為它富含生物活性化合物。發現黃耆的研究集中在多醣，類黃酮和皂苷上。
在這項研究中，蒙古黃耆用作實驗材料。結果表明，黃耆葉子對EC50的自由基清除活性具有良好的保健作用，為1.827 mg / ml，這應歸功於黃酮類化合物，因為分析顯示葉子中總黃酮類化合物的含量最高（22.74 QE / g），高於根部（0.13 QE /mg）和莖（11.29 QE / g），但總酚和根和莖的含量非常低。在抗血糖作用中，使用了α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制試驗，僅有黃耆根的水提取物顯示出對α-葡萄糖苷酶的IC50為58.94 mg / ml的抑制作用。表示黃耆具有降血糖作用，部分原因是抑制腸道α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。進一步的實驗以分析黃耆葉，莖和根的金屬含量。黃耆的任何器官中均未發現重金屬（Cu，Hg，Cd，Pb，As）的積累，根被發現富含鉀和必不可少的微量元素，包括鐵，硒和鉬，但鈉含量較低。 這表示野生生長的蒙古黃耆沒有被重金屬污染，可能是必需微量金屬元素的良好來源。 這些數據表明，黃耆葉可能是開發新的保健食品的良好原料。
Astragalus is a commonly used both as Chinese medicine and food ingredient for thousand years. People are used to preparing it by water-boiling to be a healthy drink. Related studies have shown that astragalus has various health effects, including significant effects on immune regulation, protection on organs, improving kidney disease, anti-diabetes, anti-hypertension and anti-tumor treatments. Astragalus is one of the most popular research objects of pharmacology because it is rich with biologically active compounds. Researches of astragalus are found to focus on polysaccharides, flavonoids and saponins.
In this study, Mongolian Astragalus membranaceus was used as the experimental material. Results demonstrated astragalus leaves possessed a good nutraceutical effect in free radical scavenging activity of EC50 1.827 mg/ml, which should be contributed from flavonoids since analyses showed leaves had the highest content of total flavonoids (22.74 QE/g) than root (0.13 QE/mg) or stem (11.29 QE/g) has, but had very low content of total phenolics as well as root or stem has. In the antiglycemic effect an alpha-glucosidase inhibition test was used and only the water-extract of astragalus root showed an inhibitory effect with IC50 58.94 mg/ml against alpha-glucosidase. It suggested that astragalus drink had the antihyperglycemic effect was partly caused from inhibiting the activity of intestinal alpha-glucosidase. Further experiments were conducted to analyze the metal contents of the leaves, stem and root of astragalus. No heavy metal (Cu, Hg, Cd, Pb, As) was found to accumulate in any organ of astragalus, but astragalus root was found to be rich in potassium and some essential trace elements, including iron, selenium and molybdenum, but less content of sodium. It suggested that Mongolian astragalus grown in wild did not be polluted by heavy metals and could be a good source of essential trace metal elements. These data suggested astragalus leaves could be a good raw material to develop new nutraceutical products. |
