| 摘要: | 背景：傳統肌力訓練動作模式較多以雙邊同時發力為主，即所謂「雙邊訓練」 ( bilateral exercise )；然而，足球專項動作則以單邊(unilateral) 發力為動作軸心。目前針對單邊訓練模式是否有效改善足球員專項體能表現仍有待進一步釐清。目的：本研究旨在探討4週單邊肌力訓練對大專公開一級足球選手專項體能表現之影響。方法：招募14名就讀中國文化大學公開一級男子足球員為受試者 (年齡：20.28 ± 2.02歲；身高：172.68 ± 6.14 公分；體重：63.71 ± 8.34 公斤)。受試者每週須接受3次單邊肌力訓練 (自變項)；主要評估檢測項目 (依變項) 為敏捷測驗 (505 pro agility test)、速度測驗 (30公尺衝刺)、平衡測驗 (Y-Balance Test)、單腳立定跳遠、單腳立定跳高、以及後腳抬高蹲速度功率檢測等。統計方法採相依樣本t檢定比較單邊訓練前、後測所有依變項參數，及二因子相依樣本ANOVA分析左右腳在速度功率前後測檢測之效果。以α =0.05 設為顯著性考驗水準。結果：就敏捷 (t=-5.278；p=.000)、速度 (t=-3.77；p=.002)、平衡 (LYBT：t=6.80；p=.000、RYBT：t=6.18；p=.000)、單腳立定跳遠 (左腳：t=2.79；p=.015、右腳：t=3.58；p=.003)、單腳立定跳高 (左腳：t=7.04；p=.000、右腳：t=7.31；p=.000) 皆達統計上顯著差異水準。就後腳抬高蹲速率而言，左右腳之間 (組間) 並未發現交互作用，但左右腳各組間 (組內) 的前後測有具顯著差異水準 (左腳速率：t=-4.63；p=.000、右腳速率：t=-5.55；p=.000)。結論：大專公開一級足球員在接受4週單邊訓練後，在敏捷、速度、平衡、單腳立定跳遠、單腳立定跳高以及後腳抬高蹲速率等方面皆獲得顯著改善之效益。
Background: The traditional strength training patterns emphasize bilateral driving force simultaneously, which is so-called "bilateral training. In soccer performance, the unilateral exercise mode is the core. Based on the current literature so far, the effects of unilateral training mode in improving the soccer performance-related fitness needs to be clarified. Purpose: The study is to investigate the effects of 4-week unilateral strength training on the performance-related fitness of collegiate soccer players. Method: Fourteen soccer players studying at the Chinese Culture University were recruited as subjects (age: 20.28 ± 2.02 years; height: 172.68 ± 6.14 cm; weight: 63.71±8.34 kg). All participants signed informed consent. All of the subjects not only needed to receive the unilateral strength training for three times per week; but also accepted several tests and assessments such as agility (505 pro agility test), speed (30-meter sprint), balance ( Y-Balance Test), single-leg standing long jump, single-leg standing high jump, and rear-foot-elevated split squat (RFESS) velocity test. The statistical method adopts the paired-sample t-test to compare all the assessments before and after the unilateral training, and the two-way ANOVA, independent sample to analyze the effects of the left and right foot in velocity test. The significance level was set at α= 0.05. Result: The results revealed that the agility (t=-5.278, p=.000), speed (t=-3.77, p=.002), balance (LYBT: t=6.80, p=.000; RYBT: t=6.18, p=.000), single-leg standing long jump (left leg: t=2.79, p=.015; right leg: t=3.58, p=.003), single-leg standing long jump (left leg: t=7.04, p=. 000; right leg: t=7.31, p=.000) showed the statistically significant differences. Meanwhile, there is no interaction between two groups (right and left leg) in the RFESS velocity test; but each leg before and after still exited the significant difference (left leg: t=-4.63, p=. 000, right leg: t=-5.55, p=.000). Conclusion: After 4-week unilateral training, the collegiate soccer players acquired enormous improvement in performance-related fitness, such as agility, speed, balance, single-leg standing long jump, single-leg standing high jump, and RFESS velocity. |
