兒童福利之法規範研究 -兼論親權濫用及兒童虐待之防治

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題名:	兒童福利之法規範研究 -兼論親權濫用及兒童虐待之防治 Research on the Laws and Regulations of Child Welfare-Also on the Abuse of Parental Rights and Prevention of Child Abuse
作者:	王薇
貢獻者:	法律學系碩士在職專班
關鍵詞:	家庭虐童案國家家長憲法民法家事法兒童權利公約施行法親權親權濫用兒童虐待
日期:	2020
上傳時間:	2020-08-26 14:13:26 (UTC+8)
摘要:	「理想」家庭的樣貌在如今之社會中並非是所有家庭都能發展得如此美好，雖說虐童案的產生是芸芸眾生中少數的個案，但也是說明了「虎毒會食子」，因此當家庭一步一步的侵害到嬰幼兒童及青少年的基本權利時，也正是政府作為「國家家長」(parents partial)公權力介入的正當性時機，也因為憲法、民法、家事法、兒童及少年福利與權益保障法及兒童權利公約施行法中皆具有對父母及子女有各種權利的管理及規範，亦對這些基本權具有客觀法律的功能，也就是說，國家有義務形成一套法的秩序，來落實基本權的保障，所以，縱使家庭為一個私領域，也不能免於用憲法、民法、家事法、兒童及少年福利與權益保障法及兒童權利公約施行法等相關法律，去保障基本權之規範，使本來具有良善本質的家庭不致於轉變為法治國家的黑暗角落，另外，如何能做到對兒童虐待的防治，使得兒童虐待事件的減少才是最重要的一環。當國家介入家庭後權利主體間就會產生衝突關係，也就是，父母親權的行使也可能和嬰幼兒童及青少年自我決定權相互衝突。例如，在兒童虐待案中，國家基於對嬰幼兒童及青少年的保護而限制父母的親權，但在父母方確認為國家的法治干預了父母對子女親權的行使且做出了懲戒權，因此在國家公權力與子女自我決定權及父母親權行使的衝突下如何界定出一個界線，為此來解決這個衝突的正當性基礎。國家的公權力勢必與嬰幼兒童及青少年權利、父母之親權產生某種程度上的衝突，因此如何建立一套合理的防治機制，乃是本文之研究重點。 The "ideal" family is not so well developed for all families in society nowadays. Although there are only a few number of cases of child abuse in the society, there are instances when you could say "tigers are so fierce that they eat their own cubs". So, when the family violates the basic rights of infants and adolescents, it is also an opportunity for the government to intervene as “parents partial”. This is stated in the Constitution, Civil Code and Family Law, Protection of Children and Youths Welfare and Rights Act and Implementation Act of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in which have the management and regulation of various rights over the parents and children, and they also have an objective legal function for these basic rights. That is to say, the state has the obligation to form a set of legal order to implement the protection of fundamental rights. Therefore, even if the family is a private unit, it cannot be exempted from the application of the Constitution, Civil Code, and Family Law, The Protection of Children and Youths Welfare and Rights Act and Implementation Act of the Convention on the Rights of the Child to guarantee the child’s fundamental rights, so that a family with good nature will not be transformed into the dark corners of the rule of law. In addition, the most important part to prevent child abuse is the reduction of child abuse incidents. In the event that the state intervenes in family affairs, there is a conflict between the subjects of the said rights, that is, the exercise of parental rights may also conflict with the right of children and teenagers to self-determination. For example, in the case of child abuse, the state restricts parental rights based on the protection of infants and adolescents, but from the point of view of the parents, the rule of law exercised by the state interferes with the parent’s exercise of parental rights and disciplinary power. Hence, the issue is how to define a boundary under the conflict between the public power of the state and the child’s right to self-determination vs. parental rights. To this end, the justification basis is to resolve such conflict. The public power of the state is bound to have some degree of conflict with the rights of infants and adolescents, and parental rights. Hence, how to establish a reasonable control mechanism is the focus of this article. Therefore, how to establish a reasonable control mechanism is the focus of this article.
顯示於類別:	[法律學系暨法律學研究所] 博碩士論文

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