臺灣身心障礙者庇護工場政策之研究

文化大學機構典藏 CCUR > 社會科學院 > 國家發展與與中國大陸研究所碩博士班 > 博碩士論文 > Item 987654321/48492

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题名:	臺灣身心障礙者庇護工場政策之研究 A Policy Analysis of The Sheltered Workshop for the Disabled in Taiwan
作者:	石永祿
贡献者:	國家發展與中國大陸研究所博士班
关键词:	庇護工場社會企業就業服務政策評估產能核薪經費補助職業重建職業輔導評量
日期:	2020
上传时间:	2020-08-24 13:32:24 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本論文的研究目的，在評估當前「身心障礙者庇護工場政策」的社會正義原則及其對社會福利執行的績效。研究結果顯示，由於政策立法過程草率、行政執行績效不彰、營運機構營利心態，使得臺灣身心障礙者就業地位受歧視、參與經濟機會不足，並未滿足社會公平性以達到促進身心障礙者福祉的政策目標。在政策評估部分，由於職位供需失衡及服務量能不足，其績效亦未能達到原始設計的理想。本論文採用政策評估法，以2007年修正之「身心障礙者權益保障法」及其「身心障礙者庇護工場政策」作為本論文的主要文本評估對象，並兼及媒體報導與專業人士的訪談內容。法規資料方面包含政府公報，政府機關會議記錄、調查報告。媒體資料採用了2014-2019年間報紙知識庫的報導；訪談資料來自4家庇護工場的14位專業人員。以上三類文字資料，本研究採用質性研究方法中之Nvivo分析技術，對文件的語義，及其情感意涵(sentiment analysis)進行分析。經由法規、媒體與訪談資料的分析，本論文發現：造成臺灣此一政策未盡理想的主要原因來自：立法不足、中央與地方行政機關有法不依；經營者的營利心態，處處仰賴政府補助，以至入不敷出，難以為繼。其中尤以「產能核薪」的經濟取向，導致勞資關係不睦、經營者僅提供「庇護性就業」，無「職業重建服務」，對身心障礙者保障不足，最為嚴重。本研究顯示臺灣「身心障礙者庇護工場政策」在政策制定之初，即把社會福利公平正義的理想與經濟就業糊口謀生的就業目標等同起來，以至於有先天不良、後天失調的窘況。為完善此一政策的後續發展，仍應參酌國際先進國家經驗，重新修法。引入臺灣獨傲世界的宗教布施情操，將身心障礙者的庇護工場委以有社會愛心的宗教團體來營運，俾使原意在追求社會公平正義原則的臺灣「庇護工場政策」恢復一線生機，使理想與制度趨於平衡，並進而完善政策面的執行。 The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the current social justice principles of the "Policy for Sheltered Workshop of People with Disabilities" and their performance on the implementation of social welfare. The results of the study show that due to the sloppy policy legislative process, poor performance of administrative execution, and profit-making mentality of operating agencies, the employment status of people with disabilities in Taiwan is discriminated against and the economic opportunities for participation are insufficient and the policy does not meet its objectives. In the policy evaluation section, due to the imbalance of supply and demand of the posts and the insufficient service capacity, their performance has not reached the ideal of the original design. This thesis adopts the policy evaluation method, and the " People with Disabilities Protection Rights Act" as amended in 2007 and its "Policy for the Sheltered workshops of People with Disabilities" are the main text evaluation objects of this study, and media reports and interviews with professionals. Regulatory information includes government bulletins, minutes of government agency meetings, and investigation reports. The media materials used reports from the newspaper knowledge base from 2014 to 2019; the interview data came from 14 professionals in 4 sheltered workshops. For the above three types of textual data, this study uses the Nvivo analysis technology in the qualitative research method to analyze the semantics and sentiment analysis of documents. Through the analysis of regulations, media and interview materials, this paper found that the main reasons for the lack of ideals of this policy in Taiwan come from: inadequate legislation, the central and local administrative agencies do not comply with the law; the profitability of the operating agencies, relying on government subsidies everywhere, It's too hard to make ends meet. Among them, the economic orientation of "capacity verification and salary" has led to disagreement in labor relations and the employers only provide "sheltered employment" and no "occupational reconstruction services". The lack of protection for people with physical and mental disabilities is the most serious. This study shows that Taiwan ’s "Policy for Sheltered Workshops of People with Disabilities" at the beginning was to equate the ideal of social welfare fairness and justice with the employment goal of economic employment to make a living, so that there were congenital malformations and acquired maladjustments. In order to improve the follow-up development of this policy, it is still necessary to refer to the experience of advanced international countries and revise the law. Furthermore, introduce the religious groups of charity sentiment of Taiwan ’s proud, and operate the sheltered workshops for the physically and mentally disabilities by socially-loving religious groups, in order to restore the first-line vitality and ideals of Taiwan ’s sheltered workshop policy, which was originally aimed at pursuing the principles of social fairness and justice. It tends to balance with the system and further improve the implementation of the policy.
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