大麻去汙名化之研究

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Title:	大麻去汙名化之研究 Research on Destigmatization of Cannabis
Authors:	鍾和耘
Contributors:	法律學系
Keywords:	大麻四氫大麻酚大麻二酚大麻合法化 Cannabis Tetrahydrocannabinol Cannabidiol Cannabis legalization
Date:	2020
Issue Date:	2020-08-11 14:33:46 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	台灣自1955年正式將大麻列為法定毒品至今已有60幾年的時間，對於大麻及其使用者的汙名化隨著警察的緝毒活動，反毒教育、反毒宣導的推廣，以及媒體負面報導的喧染，在台灣光是提到「大麻」2個字就足以招來路人側目的眼光，也因為大麻的相關研究、流通以及應用遭到全面禁止，在台灣人對大麻的印象除了毒品之外幾乎一無所知的情況下，要為其平反就顯得更加困難，大麻目前仍是多數台灣人不願碰觸的禁忌議題。但縱觀人類的歷史，不論是作為醫療、工業或宗教用途，大麻為人類的文明發展帶來許多助益，被列為毒品反而是近1世紀以來的事情，本文首先聚焦在大麻禁令的起源地－美國，回顧其將大麻入罪，傾全國之力發動「毒品戰爭」卻失敗，近年開始反思大麻禁令的錯誤，並逐漸解禁的歷程，美國至今已有超過半數的州不同程度的將大麻合法化，借鏡美國經驗，台灣可以避免許多悲劇的發生。另外本文透過對大麻使用者的訪談以及文獻的探討，就大麻的損害性及正面效益進行交互辯證，提供除了「毒品」觀點外的其他視角，剖析使用大麻的利弊得失。最後，在大麻被列為法定毒品的情況下，大麻及其使用者的汙名就不可能洗清，本文認為在台灣要去除大麻汙名的根本解方即為推動大麻合法化。 It has been more than 60 years since Taiwan has officially banned cannabis since 1955. Stigmatization of cannabis and its users have been reinforced by such as the police’s anti-drug activities；the promotion of anti-drug education and anti-drug publicity；the media’s negative reports. Because the research, circulation and application of cannabis are completely banned, the impression of Taiwanese on cannabis is almost nothing but drugs. Cannabis is still a taboo issue for most Taiwanese. But throughout the history of human being, cannabis has brought many benefits. The prohibition of cannabis is a matter of the past 1st century. This article first focuses on the origin of the cannabis prohibition－USA. Borrowing from the American experience, Taiwan can avoid many tragedies. In addition, through interviews with the cannabis users and literature discussion, this article hopes to provide perspectives other than the "drug", and analyze the pros and cons of using cannabis. Finally, under the condition that cannabis is banned, the stigma of cannabis and its users cannot be cleared. This article believes that the fundamental solution to the destigmatization of cannabis in Taiwan is to promote the legalization of cannabis.
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