| 摘要: | 本研究中利用超臨界二氧化碳從亞麻子中進行精油的萃取，探討壓力與溫度對精油產率的影響，在本實驗中運用中央合成設計(CCD)，對每組實驗的條件因子都設定五種水準，在實驗過程中，實驗設計的壓力條件為2945psi、3150psi、3650psi、4150psi、4355psi，溫度條件為40.77℃、42℃、45℃、48℃、49.23℃，本實驗之中央合成設計含有2個因子，因此有4個角點，4個軸點及5個中央點實驗，共13組實驗。
在實驗結束後，對實驗結果使用SPSS軟體進行變異數分析，再使用Excel軟體進行二階線性迴歸分析，最後使用R語言繪製反應曲面圖，探討精油產率在壓力項、溫度項、壓力平方項、溫度平方項、壓力和溫度交互作用項哪些具有顯著性，分析後得到結果為本實驗中之最佳操作條件及最佳的產率，之後比對使用索氏萃取法所獲得的亞麻子精油與超臨界萃取法所得的亞麻子精油產率的差異，並使用傅立葉紅外線分析儀進行分析兩者萃取法所得精油中成分是否一致。
通過實驗條件所得到的最大產率為12.44%，壓力條件為4355psi，溫度條件為45°C，從中央合成實驗設計的迴歸分析中可以看出壓力對產率的影響結果是最大的，而溫度對於產率雖有影響但卻並不明顯
從傅立葉紅外線光譜儀的分析結果，可看出兩者的分析出的吸收峰大致相同，吸收度較強的部份都相符合，但因正己烷峰值與產物峰值重疊且訊號稍強，以此證實使用兩種萃取法得到的亞麻子精油成分大致上是幾乎相同但索式萃取中會有正己烷溶劑之殘留。
In this study, supercritical carbon dioxide was used to extract essential oils from linseed, and the effects of pressure and temperature on the yield of essential oils were explored. In this experiment, the central synthetic design (CCD) was used to set five conditions for each group of experiments. During the experiment, the pressure conditions of the experimental design were 2945psi, 3150psi, 3650psi, 4150psi, 4355psi, and the temperature conditions were 40.77℃, 42℃, 45℃, 48℃, 49.23℃. The central synthetic design of this experiment contains 2 Factor, so there are 4 corner points, 4 axis points and 5 central points for a total of 13 experiments.
After the experiment, the SPSS software was used to analyze the variance of the experiment results, and then the Excel software was used to perform the second-order linear regression analysis. Finally, the R language was used to draw the reaction surface graph to discuss the essential oil yield in the pressure term, temperature term, pressure square term, The temperature square term, pressure and temperature interaction terms are significant. The results obtained after the analysis are the best operating conditions and the best yield in the experiment. Then, the linseed essential oil obtained by the Soxhlet extraction method is compared with The difference in the yield of linseed essential oil obtained by supercritical extraction method, and use Fourier infrared analyzer to analyze whether the components in the essential oil obtained by the two extraction methods are consistent.
The maximum yield obtained through the experimental conditions is 12.44%, the pressure condition is 4355psi, and the temperature condition is 45°C. From the regression analysis of the central synthesis experimental design, it can be seen that the pressure has the greatest effect on the yield, while the temperature Although it has an effect on the yield, it is not obvious.
From the analysis results of the Fourier Infrared Spectrometer, it can be seen that the absorption peaks analyzed by the two are roughly the same, and the stronger absorption parts are consistent, but because the n-hexane peak overlaps the product peak and the signal is slightly stronger, it is confirmed The composition of the essential oil of linseed obtained by the two extraction methods is almost the same, but there will be residual hexane solvent in the Soxhlet extraction. |
