| Abstract: | 根據統計，俄國讀者希望報章報導是事實真相。新聞從業者對事件竭力做出評估，並試圖影響讀者對事件的看法，然而這樣的做法會導致讀者的不信任。因此，蘇聯解體後，新聞報導採用間接迂迴的手法，避免對事件做直接正面的評估。 有關數量的特定用詞，可表達及暗示「多」或「少」的含義。以其特徵為依據，本文描述了八種報章中間接評斷事件的方法。作者詳述新聞報導中間接評估事件所使用的數量用詞與性質詞語（約略八十個）。用以暗示讀者數量的用語特徵亦詳述於後，讀者可藉此明瞭報章報導中對於數量的評定。 這方面的論述前所未有，他不但具有學術研究價值，對於俄語教學應用上，亦十分有意義。其理論基礎為語用學以及語言行為理論。
According to statistics, Russian readers would like to read nothing but facts in newspapers. Journalists' efforts to appraise facts and to influence the appraisal of the readers often result in their distrust. Therefore post-Soviet journalism avoids direct appraisal of facts and events, and replaces it with indirect (veiled), concealed appraisal. In this essay eight methods of indirect appraisal of facts in newspapers are depicted according to the indications suggesting “much” or “little” in the quantitative sense. The author gives a more detailed description of quantitative and qualitative words, and those of this sort which journalists use in order to give readers an indirect appraisal of facts (there are nearly 80 of them). In conclusion those indications of text are described, and with the indications readers can get an idea of what in the text the qualitative appraisal is. Such description never before existed. It presents not only academic interest in itself, but also great topical interest in the practice of Russian language teaching. It builds on the theory pragmatics and the speech act theory. |
