本文分析俄國現代作家B. Tokapeba的短篇小說利用對照法描寫人物與開展基本情 節方式方法。如有些短篇小說的同一主角或不同主角在人生不同時期內的個性、人生態度、 外貌、人生意義等方面上的對立情形。對立與對照方式能使作者更鮮明地表現主角，可以使 讀者去深思他們的不同觀點和不同的人際關係。
This article deals with the problem of the author's devices in fiction. It is devoted to language of the short stories written by modern Russian writer V.Tokareva. The means of contrast and comparison that are studied here, are destined for the creation of the characters, their appearance and behaviour, opposed purposes of life, and the subject of the story. We retrace how many methods can be used so that the readers think about the difference of opinions, of approach to life, of relations between people.
