兒少安置機構實務照顧人員的 情緒勞務、正向心理資本與教養效能感之相關

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Title:	兒少安置機構實務照顧人員的情緒勞務、正向心理資本與教養效能感之相關 Relationship between Emotional Labor, Positive Psychological capital and Parenting Efficacy of Actual Caregivers of Children and Adolescent Placement Agency
Authors:	彭瑞姸
Contributors:	青少年兒童福利碩士學位學程
Keywords:	兒少安置機構照顧人員情緒勞務正向心理資本教養效能感
Date:	2020
Issue Date:	2020-02-20 10:18:50 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	兒少安置機構實務照顧人員是兒少安置處遇中的重要角色，照顧時無論是教養互動信心、正向態度堅持以及在教養兒少時親職壓力的處理，都將影響實務照顧人員的情緒。實務服務對象是需要輔導的孩子，須觀察孩子的問題而輔導，並維持安置照顧的服務規範。因此照顧時須要表達正向的情緒，與情緒多樣與持續的轉換，以及可能有情緒耗竭情況；所以是屬高情緒勞動負荷的工作。照顧人員經常需要透過心中所持有的正向心理資本，以維持專業的教養效能；並運用正向情緒檢視自己的心態以符合工作規範與倫理。本研究主要探討兒少安置照顧人員之情緒勞務、正向心理資本與教養效能感之相關；並隨機取樣方式向兒少安置機構發問卷，發出206份共計回收164份，以有效問卷為153份進行分析。研究結果發現如下：一、安置照顧人員以女性、未婚者及大學畢業至30歲者居多；工作年資多數是0至2年；有92%為有專業學分；將近50%照顧者有專業證照，以照顧學生階段的孩子居多；照顧個案量以5至6人居多，有66%是3至4星期個督一次。二、依情緒勞務之次數分配與百分率統計，平均數屬高的，唯情緒耗竭與規範不高。可見兒少安置機構照顧人員屬高情緒勞務工作，但不致於到情緒耗竭。不同性別的照顧人員，在情緒勞務上有顯著差異，男生之情緒耗竭與規範的負荷大於女生的負荷，可見男生負荷感覺較大，所以女生在照顧上的情緒承擔能力高於男生。三、兒少安置機構實務照顧人員屬高正向心理資本。在個人背景與樂觀、希望、正向錯覺修正構面有顯著差異，照顧人員年齡的越大，對正向心理資本程度有增加的趨勢。四、兒少安置照顧屬偏中程度的教養效能感，因不同個人背景的兒少安置照顧人員，在教養效能感情形上，只有教養互動的信心有顯著差異。五、兒少安置機構照顧人員之個人背景與情緒勞務、正向心理資本、教養效能感有正相關。唯情緒耗竭與規範是負相關。六、兒少安置機構照顧人員之情緒勞務、正向心理資本對教養效能感有預測力。七、正向心理資本為顯著中介效果。依據研究結論，本研究提出以下建議：一、增進兒少安置照顧人員的情緒支持與抒發以及身心狀況，協助培育更多的正向心理資本，增強教養時的自我效能感，並尋求支持系統或參與情緒抒發團體，學習因應抒解壓力的方式。二、透過教育訓練協助兒少安置機構照顧人員因應各種的服務情境。三、研究最終目的是員工能不斷地增進教養效能感，組織能永續成長。 The actual caregivers of child placement agencies play an important role in the child placement process. Whether it's the confidence of parental interaction, the persistence of a positive attitude, and the management of parental stress when raising a child, all of these can affect the emotional work of caregivers.The actual service is for children who need counselling. They must observe children's problems to provide counselling and maintain standards of service for placement and care.Therefore, it is necessary to express positive emotions, maintain the diversity and continuous conversion of emotions, and may cause emotional fatigue during the nursing process. So this is an exciting service.Caregivers often need to maintain a positive parenting effect through their inherent positive psychological capital. And review their mentality with corrective illusions to comply with work and ethics. This study explores the relationship between emotional labor, positive psychological capital, and caregiver placement. Send the questionnaire to the child placement agency using a random sampling method.A total of 206 questionnaires were issued, and 164 questionnaires were collected and analyzed using 153 valid questionnaires.versus The research findings were as follows: 1.The caregivers are mostly female, unmarried and have graduated to the age of 30. Most work experience is 0 to 2 years. 92% of majors have professional credits. Nearly 50% of nursing staff have professional licenses. Most children are in the student stage. Nursing cases are mostly 5 to 6 people, with 66% of nursing staff being supervised every 3 to 4 weeks. 2.Distribution and percentage statistics based on emotional workload. The average level is high, but the level of mental fatigue and standardization is not high. It can be seen that the caregivers of child placement agencies are highly emotional workers but do not cause emotional fatigue. Caregivers of different genders have significant differences in emotional labor. Men are more tired and regulated than women. It can be seen that men feel more burdened. Distribution and percentage statistics based on emotional workload. The average level is high, but the level of mental fatigue and standardization is not high. It can be seen that the caregivers of child placement agencies are highly emotional workers but do not cause emotional fatigue. Caregivers of different genders have significant differences in emotional labor. Men are more tired and regulated than women. It can be seen that men feel more burdened. 3.The actual care staff of the children's placement agency is high psychological capital. There are significant differences in the personal background and the optimistic, hopeful, and positive illusion correction facets. The older the caregiver is, the more positive the level of positive psychological capital is. 4.The personal background of the caregivers of the child placement agency is positively related to emotional labor, positive psychological capital, and a sense of parenting effectiveness. Only emotional exhaustion is negatively related to norms. 5.Personal background of caregivers in child placement agencies is related to emotional labor, positive psychological capital, and education effectiveness. 6.Emotional labor and positive psychological capital of caregivers in child placement agencies have predictive effects on education effectiveness. 7.Positive psychological capital is a significant intermediary effect. Based on the conclusions of the study, this study makes the following recommendations: 1.Improve the emotional support and expression of the caregivers and the physical and mental condition of the young children, help cultivate more positive psychological capital, enhance self-efficacy during parenting, and seek support systems or participate in emotional expression groups to learn to cope with stress The way. 2.Assist the caregivers of children placement agencies through education and training to cope with various service situations. 3.The ultimate goal of the research is that employees can continuously improve their sense of parenting effectiveness and the organization can grow sustainably.
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