韓中引用句對照研究

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Title:	韓中引用句對照研究 A Comparative Study of Korean and Mandarin Chinese Quotations
Authors:	金靖芸
Contributors:	韓國語文學系
Keywords:	引用句直接引用間接引用引用符號引用標誌
Date:	2020
Issue Date:	2020-01-20 12:55:43 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本研究分析韓文與中文引用句的直接引用與間接引用，並分析兩種語言的引用句有何共同處與差異處。目的為藉由探討兩國文法上相異的引用句，提昇華語圈學習者對於韓文引用句構造的理解與語言應用能力。首先，韓文引用句的構造與特徵上，直接引用句使用雙引號與引用標識‘(이)라고’或 ‘하고’，顯示前文為直接引用的句子；間接引用則隨著被引用句的類型的終結詞尾與引用助詞 ‘고’結合的型態 ‘다고, 냐고, 라고, 자고’的引用標誌，顯示前文為間接引用的句子。接著探討中文的引用句構造與特徵。直接引用句使用引用符號引號與冒號，依被引用句種類的不同，使用上位文動詞與語氣助詞；間接引用則省略引用符號與語氣助詞，靈活地轉換引用動詞。將上述探討之韓˙中引用句構造和特徵為基礎，兩國的引用句對照分析內容如下。韓˙中的直接引用句不改變原話者語句，直接轉達發話的情形雖相同，但在引用符號的使用上卻有所差異，韓文使用引用標誌‘라고’或‘하고’，而中文則使用被引用句種類的引用動詞以及語尾助詞。韓˙中的間接引用不使用引用符號，引用話者將原話者的話以自己的觀點轉換後表現的情形雖然相同，但在間接引用句的形態上有所差異。韓文在句子類型的終結語尾與引用助詞結合的狀態下與引用標誌和引用動詞一同書寫，而中文則沒有引用標誌，隨著句子類型的不同，引用動詞也多樣地使用。最後，直接引用轉換成間接引用時，將韓˙中的對應關係分成人稱代名詞、時間名詞、時間副詞、處所代名詞、稱呼、移動動詞、時態層面分析。研究結果為韓˙中間接引用句在省略人稱代名詞與再歸代名詞的實現上有所不同、韓文的處所代名詞‘거기,저기’在中文裡全對應為「那裡」、在命令句的移動動詞對應情形也有所差異。 This study examined inserting Korean and Chinese quotations into direct and indirect quotations and discussed their similarities and differences. The purpose of this study was to discuss the grammatically distinct quotations of two languages and to improve the language proficiency of Taiwanese learners. Firstly, the structure and features of Korean quotations were analyzed. Direct quotations are quoted using double quotation marks and quotative markers ‘(i)rago’ or ‘hago’, which indicate that the preceding word is directly quoted. Indirect quotations signify that the preceding word is indirectly quoted with quotative markers such as ‘dago, nyago, rago, jago’. Secondly, the structure and features of Chinese quotations were analyzed. Direct quotations use corner brackets ‘「」’ and a colon ‘:’ as quotation marks. Furthermore, relevant quotative verbs and auxiliary words depending on the type of sentence are utilized. Indirect quotations omit the quotation marks and auxiliary words, and the conversion of the quotative verbs is actively made. Based on the structure and features of the Korean-Chinese quotations discussed above, a comparative analysis of the quotations of the two languages was conducted. Direct quotations in Korean and Chinese show the same aspect in conveying the original speaker's words without change, but differ in quotation marks. Moreover, direct quotations in Korean require quotative markers ‘(i)rago’ or ‘hago’ while direct quotations in Chinese require quotative verbs and auxiliary words that indicate mood. Indirect quotations in Korean and Chinese coincide in that they express the original speaker's words in terms of the quoted speaker without using quotation marks. However, they differ in the form of indirect quotations. In Korean, the quotative markers combine with verb endings depending on the sentence type and quotative particles are used together with the quotative verb to indicate the indirect quotation. On the other hand, in Chinese, quotative markers are not present, but there are various characteristics of quotative verbs depending on the type of sentence. Lastly, when switching from direct quotations to indirect quotations, Korean-Chinese correspondences were analyzed in terms of personal pronouns, time nouns and time adverbs, place pronouns, titles, locomotive verbs, and tenses. As a result, indirect quotations between Korean and Chinese show different aspects in the omission of personal pronouns and the realization of reflexive pronouns, place pronouns, and locomotive verbs.
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