論契約解除後受領給付標的物回復請求關係之規範－以現行德國民法第346條相關規定為中心之探討

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题名:	論契約解除後受領給付標的物回復請求關係之規範－以現行德國民法第346條相關規定為中心之探討 Analysis of the Specification Regarding Recovery of the Subject Matter of the Contract after the Termination of Contract －Based on German Civil Code Article 346
作者:	陳忠將(Chen, Chung-Chuan)
贡献者:	法律系
关键词:	解除契約原物返還價額償還風險分配使用利益之償還 The Rescission of the Contract The Return of the Original Given Subject Compensation The Allocation of the Risk The Compensation about the Benefits of the Use from the Payed Original Subject
日期:	2018-06-01
上传时间:	2019-12-05 15:10:26 (UTC+8)
摘要:	德國民法第346條所規範之標的，係以契約當事人之一方或雙方合意於解除契約之意思表示時，如契約當事人已為給付，將契約關係轉換成回復原狀為其內容。有見解認為，解除契約之意思表示自始溯及消滅原有契約上債之關係。依該見解，解除契約之效果與撤銷契約相同。然而另一見解採取契約之解除並不消滅原有之契約基礎，僅是改變原有契約之內容，使契約繼續為返還請求債之關係而存續，因此僅生原有給付義務自始消滅之效果。至於依德國民法第346條第1項規定，契約解除後，雙方契約當事人應將原受領之給付返還其契約相對人；原物返還不能時，則應依本條第2項規定，價額償還之，並於本條第3項明定免除其價額償還責任之各種情形。依上述現行德國民法之規定，即得以確定受領給付之標的於契約解除後，無法原物返還時之風險承擔分配上的依據。 According to German Civil Code Article 346, when either one party anticipates to repudiate the contract or both parties agree to terminate the contract, but one party has already paid, the contract will revert the contractual relationship back to its original contract. Some interpret it as an elimination of debt stated by the original contract. According to this interpretation, a contract that is void at the time of formation and a contract that is terminated after it is formed have the same effect. However, another view is that the termination of the contract does not eliminate the original contract. Instead, it just changes the content of the original contract so that the debt remains, and the original debt obligations is only eliminated as the result of the termination. As for the provisions of Article 346 of the German Civil Code, when the contract is terminated, the parties to the contract shall return the original accepted payment to the other party. If the original subject matter cannot be returned, according to the provisions of paragraph 2 of this Article, the party shall repay with the same amount, and in some cases, according to the provisions of paragraph 3 of this article, exempt from the repayment under various circumstances. Based on the current German Civil Code, when the contract is terminated, Article 346 can act as the basis for distribution of risk of loss among parties when the subject matter of the contract can no longer be reinstated.
關聯:	華岡法粹； 64期 (2018 / 06 / 01) ， P183 - 245
显示于类别:	[法律學系暨法律學研究所] 學報-華岡法粹

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