攝影藝術是一門重視人眼知覺感受的視覺藝術，綜合人類的視知覺感官和心理體驗，最終帶來審美愉悅。一幅令人喜歡或感動的攝影作品，必定有脈絡及原委可以依循，視覺完形理論或許是打開神秘寶庫的鑰匙。但是，人們對於影像的觀看過程所知有限，缺乏證據支持閱聽人內心感受與視覺認知關聯。本研究從實證美學的角度出發，嘗試以眼動追蹤實驗方法，觀察攝影創作手法如何影響觀看模式，探索完形理論在攝影構圖的視覺化表現，完形心理學主張整體與部分的辯證關係，適用於攝影創作與賞析，對攝影構圖與安排具有一定借鑒價值，有助提升攝影師視覺表達能力的內容。希冀本研究成果對攝影理論與應用、藝術教育都能有實質貢獻，以期發掘更多攝影創作價值的藝術靈感。
Photography is a genre of visual art that sets great store by human visual perception. It brings people aesthetic delight by linking their visual sense with psychological experience. Every touching or enchanting photographic work has a context and raison d’être. Gestalt theory of visual perception may serve as a roadmap to chart this mysterious territory. So far, our knowledge about the viewing process is quite limited, and convincing evidence of the connection between viewers’ genuine feelings and visual perception remains wanting. Treating empirical aesthetics as the point of departure, this study employs eye tracking technology to investigate how photographic techniques affect people’s viewing behavior and how gestalt theory visually manifests itself in photographic compositions. Gestalt theory argues that the whole and the parts stand in a dialectical relationship to each other. The theory also applies to the creation and appreciation of photographic works, since it is a valuable source of reference in terms of both photographic composition and photographers’ expressive vocabulary. The research findings of this study will substantially contribute to the theory and practice of photography as well as to arts education, thereby inspiring greater creativity in the field of photography.
