| 摘要: | 都市生物多樣性的增進與保存近年受到全球生態與都市相關學者和各國政府的重視，一方面全球都市快速擴張，嚴重威脅全球生物多樣性，另一方面近年在全球快速變遷背景下，生態系統服務對人類生存與社會生態系統韌性越顯重要，因此學界與國際高峰會議都予以高度重視。都市植物為其他生物提供棲地結構與品質等支持服務，為都市生物多樣性與生態系統的根基。都市植物中人工植栽雖占很大百分比，但由於不具保育價值，也不屬於自然作用的範圍，因此傳統上被生態學者所忽略。不過近年研究發現人工植栽也具生態系統功能，極具生態系統服務潛力，此外，造成重大災害的外來入侵種有很大部分來自園藝植栽，因此人工植栽的研究也開始被重視。人工植栽的研究大部分都以都市私人庭院的純人工植栽為研究對象，已發現受多項人類相關因子影響。不過都市公園因為同時受到自然與人為兩種完全不同的作用交互影響異常複雜而鮮少被研究。本研究室計畫於未來數年內陸續探討都市綠地植物多樣性與人類相關因子之間的關係，本次申請第一年經費，使用地理資訊系統研究公園本身與公園周邊相關地理性因子，來年再申請經費進行人類尺度的研究。本年度研究方法擬將前期研究所累積台北市73個綠地共109,300筆植物資料進行植群分類，利用北市府都發局數值地形圖、內政統計地理資訊應用系統的人口與社經空間資料和公園處公園相關資料，分析都市梯度和綠地周邊居民社經條件和綠地本身特性如何共同影響都市綠地植物斑塊，以及這些斑塊和綠地植物多樣性的關係，同時探討人類與自然作用，為一項具都市綠地植栽管理參考價值，跨自然與人文領域的跨域研究。
The preservation and enhancement of biodiversity in urban areas is increasingly being valued by ecologists, urban scholars and governments. On the one hand, urban areas are expanding globally, threatening global biodiversity, on the one hand, as the earth is changing at a rapid pace, ecosystem services become increasingly important for human survival and socioecological resilience. The vegetation in urban areas provide habitat structure and quality for other biota, and is the foundation of urban ecosystems and biodiversity. Although artificial plantings account for a large portion of urban vegetation, they are traditionally excluded from studies because they do not have conservation value, nor are they driven by natural processes. However, recent studies suggest the potential ecosystem function and services of artificial plantings, also, a large portion of invasive species that caused serious damages have originated from ornamental or horticultural plants, leading to recent attention to artificial plantings. In the current literature, many human-related factors have been found to be related to the amount and diversity of plantings in private gardens. However, similar studies are rare in public green spaces because of the complex interaction between human and natural processes in such areas make them very difficult to study. We plan to continually address the relationship between plant diversity and human-related factors in urban green spaces in the near future. This proposal is for the first year of study, in which a geographic scale will be addressed. Future follow-ups will focus on the human scale and applied for funding in the following years. In this year, geographic information on urban development intensity, social economic factors, and park geographical characteristics will be related to the plant community and diversity information derived from the 109,300 items of plant data compiled for 73 Taipei city parks from previous studies. Such a study would link plant composition and diversity in urban parks to human-related and natural factors at the geographic scale, and provide references for future management of urban greenspaces. |
