收養為我國家庭制度之一環，係以創設親子關係為目的之身分行為，藉此形成收養人與被收養人間教養、撫育、扶持、認同、家業傳承之人倫關係，對於收養人及被收養人之身心發展與人格之形塑具有重要功能。至於收養之目的隨著社會變遷與時代潮流演變，從當初是「為宗」、「為家」至後變為「為養親」，到目前為「養子女最佳利益」。
隨著兩岸人民互動頻繁，且語言、文化及生活習慣較為相似，因此，兩岸人民間收養行為日益鉅增，其收養是否有效成立已將影響當事人權益甚鉅。本文將針對臺灣及中國兩岸收養法做比較與研究，中國收養法規定僅未成年中之未滿十四歲以下之人始得被收養，我國收養法被收養者無年齡之限制，本文僅針對未成年收養部分比較與研究。
其次，介紹我國新制定程序監理人，作為當事人或關係人與法院間溝通之橋樑，協助法院妥適、迅速處理家事事件。又我國程序監理人乃參考德國及美國馬里蘭州程序監理人等制度而立法。對於德國及美國馬里蘭州程序監理人之資格、權限、報酬等規定如何，實有瞭解之必要。本文針對我國程序監理人提出下列二大問題：一、程序監理人有存在之必要，惟其資格為何；二、程序監理人職權範圍是否妥適。故試從比較法與批判法出發，提出立法論之解決方案。
The family system is based on the free development of personality and is essential for ensuring the functions of inheritance, education, the economy and culture. The purpose of adoption is evolved from the social changed and the trend. At the beginning, the purpose of adoption is for the clan and family. Than the purpose is changed to provide for the parents. Up to the present, the purpose of adoption is depended on the best interest of adoptee.
The adopting cases between Taiwan and China are increasing, because of language, culture, habits and customs are similar, hence, there are more and more interaction between Taiwan and China. The validity of adopting will be influence the litigants deeply. The thesis will compare with the adopts law between Taiwan and China. The minor child who under the fourteen can be adopted by China adopts law, but there is no age restriction requirement by adoption law in Taiwan. The thesis will only research on the adopting of minor child.
In order to promote the economic efficacy in procedure and strengthen the protection of the interests of the parties ,The Taiwan Law of Domestic Proceedings newly enacted the Representative in the Law of Domestic Proceedings.This system is to follow the example of Germany and Maryland. Therefore it is necessary to understand the relevant provisions of Germany and Maryland State. The research focused on the following three questions for the Representative.（1） legislation is necessary but qualification of Representative？（2）Is the authority of representative appropriate. Thus,this research propose the solution from legislative policy based on the view of comparative law and critical law.
