| 摘要: | 在網路科技的發達、便利，以及行動裝置普及化的現代，愈來愈多的兒童擁有智慧型手機和使用手機上網，因而，孩子使用媒體的安全風險也隨之增加。
家庭溝通型態理論發展迄今40餘年，被廣泛地運用應用在子女與父母媒體使用行為的研究上。因此，本研究將藉由不同家庭溝通型態之父母，對兒童閱聽權益的認知、態度及兒童使用智慧型手機之情形，來探討兒童媒體的使用的行為。
本研究以國小高年級學童父母或主要照顧者為對象，透過問卷調查，將所得結果以統計套裝軟體SPSS v18進行資料處理，經描述性、判別、差異、相關、羅吉斯廻歸分析後，得到以下結論：
1.多元型家庭在孩子平日使用手機的時間較具影響力；共識型家庭在孩子假日使用手機的時間較具影響力。多元型、共識型家庭較能保護孩子不會過度使用手機。
2.父母陪伴子女時間與親子互動、對話溝通成正比，但陪伴時間長短並不影響子女使用手機的時間。
3.父母認同現行之媒體分級制度，子女平日使用手機時間會較少。
4.對於國內現行媒體分級制度，「部分認同」之父母較「無意見」之父母，其子女假日使用手機的時間較少。
5.共識型家庭父母，對兒童使用媒體安全維護之認知態度與行為較為一致及落實。
由於智慧型手機趨向個人化，不像電視等傳統媒體，可以在家中的「公領域」和家人共同使用、觀賞及討論。以「家庭」為單位之家庭溝通型態理論，未來對於兒童使用手機的運用，應考量「個人化」的問題。
As the advancement and convenience of network technology, and the popularization of mobile devices, more and more children have smart phones and use them to surf the Internet. As a result, the risks of cyber security for children using the Internet have also increased.
The family communication patterns theory has widely applied in the study of the media use behaviors among parents and their children for over 40 years. Therefore, this study focused on the children's media use and parents of different family communication patterns, their understanding and attitudes about children's media use rights, and when and why children use smart phones.
This study was targeted at the samples of the primary caregivers of upper primary students with questionnaires. The questionnaire was translated from “Confirmatory Factor Analysis on Family Communication Patterns Measurement (2015)” by Bakar and Afthanorhan and had justified to fit into Chinese culture. After the questionnaires collection, the data were analyzed in descriptive, discriminant and difference analyses, correlation and logistic regression by the statistical software package SPSS 18. The conclusions were as follows:
1. Pluralistic families were more influential in children's use of smart phones on weekdays, while consensus families were more influential in the use of smart phones on children's holidays. And these two types of families have better protection for children from excessive use of smart phones.
2. The time of parental companionship was proportional to the parent-child interaction and their conversation, but it did not affect the length of time the child used the smart phone.
3. As for parents who agreed with the current media grading system, their children would spend less time using smart phones on weekdays.
4. About the current domestic media grading system, parents who "partially agree" were more likely to have children spending less time on smart phones on holidays, than parents who have "no opinion."
5. Consensus family parents were more consistent in understanding, attitudes and behaviors in terms of the security of the Internet for children.
Unlike traditional media such as TV, which can be watched and discussed about by the family members in the "public area" at home, smart phones tend to be more personal. So future researchers, who apply the family communication patterns theory, should consider the issue of "personalization" in the study of the use of smart phones by children. |
