| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討臺北地區上班族「飲食知識」、「飲食行為」與「心血管疾病」之現況，並瞭解不同個人背景因素之臺北地區上班族分別在「飲食知識」、「飲食行為」以及「心血管疾病」上的差異情形；另探討臺北地區上班族「飲食知識」、「飲食行為」及「心血管疾病」之間的相關性。更進一步瞭解「個人背景因素」分別對臺北地區上班族在「飲食知識」、「飲食行為」以及「心血管疾病」上的預測力。
本研究係採用網路問卷調查法進行資料蒐集，並以立意取樣之抽樣方式，選取在臺北地區工作之上班族為調查對象。所使用之研究工具，包括：「個人基本資料調查表」、「預防心血管飲食知識量表」、「預防心血管飲食行為量表」以及「預防心血管風險量表」。施測所得資料以統計套裝軟體SPSS for Windows 20.0進行結果分析，分別以敘述統計、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後比較法、卡方檢定、皮爾森積差相關、以及多元迴歸等統計方法加以分析。研究結果如下：
我們分析飲食知識在、飲食行為及心血管風險在不同背景受試者的差異情形，結果條列如下：
1.不同「年齡、教育程度、婚姻狀況、薪資」之上班族在整體「飲食知識」上達顯著差異。2.不同「自覺健康狀態、居家狀況、每週都有運動的習慣」之上班族在整體「飲食行為」上達顯著差異。3.不同「性別、年齡、教育程度、自覺健康狀態、自覺體型、婚姻狀況、每週都有運動的習慣」之上班族在整體「心血管疾病風險」方面達顯著差異。4.不同「飲食知識」之上班族在「心血管疾病風險」上達顯著差異。
我們也有分析飲食知識、飲食行為及心血管風險之間的相關性，結果敘述如下：
1.「飲食知識」與「飲食行為」未達顯著相關。2.「飲食知識」、「飲食行為」與「心血管疾病風險」皆達低度顯著負相關。
最後我們計算「飲食知識」、「飲食行為」對「心血管疾病風險」之預測力，結果顯示飲食知識及飲食行為對心血管風險具有預測力。
The purpose of this study were to investigate the current status of dietary Knowledge, dietary behavior and cardiovascular risk for office workers in Taipei area. The differences in these three variables among participants with different individual background were studied. The correlations among these three variables were also explored. We further calculated predictive power of dietary knowledge and behavior to cardiovascular risk by multiple regression analysis.
The participants were office workers in Taipei area and were recruited by purposive sampling from internet. The questionnaire for this study which included individual background factors, cardiovascular disease prevention dietary knowledge, dietary behavior and cardiovascular risk were used to collect data. Collected data was analyzed by using statistical methods including one-way ANOVA, Scheffe method, Chi-Square test, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analysis With Spss 20.0 software. The following is a list of results of this study.
1.Due to the differences of office workers age, education level, marital Status, average monthly income, there are significant differences in dietary knowledge. 2.There are significant differences in dietary behavior among office worker with different self-rated health Status, self-rated body type, weekly exercise habit. 3.There are significant differences in cardiovascular risk among office workers with different gender, age, education level, self-rated health status, self-rated body type, marital Status, weekly exercise habit. 4.The cardiovascular risk for office workers with high dietary knowledge level is lower than that of office workers with low dietary knowledge level.
The correlations among dietary knowledge, dietary behavior and cardiovascular risk were also determined, and described as following：
1.There is no significant correlation between dietary knowledge and behavior. 2. However, there is a low negative correlation between the dimension of dietary knowledge and cardiovascular risk. There is a low negative correlation between the dimension dietary behavior and cardiovascular risk. Finally, we calculated the predictive power of dietary knowledge and dietary behavior to cardiovascular risk. The results suggesting that dietary knowledge and dietary behavior of office workers have significant predictability for cardiovascular risk. |
