背景與動機：巨噬細胞 (Macrophage) 主要是由血液循環中的單核球與組織裡的巨噬細胞所組成，他們在防禦病原菌的入侵、傷口的復原、血管的生成、慢性發炎和免疫反應中皆扮演著相當重要的角色。已知運動對生物個體的生理功能及免疫能力有顯著影響。科學化訓練所講求的是在訓練中的「經濟效益」，因此近年來HIIT受到廣泛的重視與使用，而高強度間歇訓練對巨噬細胞功能及其相關免疫生物指標有何影響?本研究欲以此一主題透過科學實驗加以驗證及探討。目的：旨在探討高強度間歇訓練對巨噬細胞極化及免疫生物指標之變化情形。方法：以14名中國文化大學男子甲組足球隊員為研究對象，在YO-YO間斷恢復測驗 (YYIRT1) 前、後分析巨噬細胞極化與各項免疫生物指標變化。統計方法採相依樣本t考驗，分析數值以平均數±標準差 (M ± SD) 表示，本研究檢測參數差異值訂為α = 0.05。並以SPSS for windows 12.0套裝統計軟體進行資料處理與分析。結果：(1) 受試者平均上升1.1℃的體溫，並平均減少0.5公斤的水分流失，約減少0.7%的體重；(2) CD14、HLA-ABC顯著降低；而CD206及ROS 未達顯著差異；(3) CK、AST 及LDH顯著升高；(4) ALT、CRE顯著升高，CRP、BUN未達顯著差異；(5) IL-6、TNF-α未達顯著差異，IL-10顯著升高。結論：YYIRT1不僅對促炎性的M1產生影響，對抗炎性的M2影響更甚，CK、LDH、AST也是顯著的升高，高強度間歇折返跑後導致運動員處在發炎的狀態下，建議對於運動後的免疫空窗期作為積極的監測並預防，適時的調整訓練處方以及健康照護，避免影響運動表現甚至損害健康。
Backgroun: Macrophage is composed of single-core cells in blood and Macrophage cells in human organs; it plays a vital role in resisting virus attack, wound recovery, growth of blood vessels, chronic inflammation, and immune system functionality. Exercises are known to have significant influence to living creatures on physical performance and immune capability. Science-oriented training is aimed for “economic benefit” from exercises, the high intensity interval training (HIIT) brought forward in recent time gains wide popularity and application. What are the effects of HIIT to Macrophage’s functions, and what does it affect with immune metabolism indexes? These subjects will be presented in this article with clinical experimental results to exam and testify. Purpose: Interaction of HIIT toward Macrophage’s functions and immune metabolism indexes. Methods: A group of 14 athletes from Chinese Cultural University soccer team was selected to perform Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (YYIRT) , member’s macrophage’s polarization and immunobiology indices are collected before and afterward test. Statistical modeling adapted is paired sample t-test. The analytic values are shown in mean ± standard deviation (M ± SD), The observation deviation of this program is set at α =0.05, and data are processed and analyzed by SPSS for windows 12.0 application software. Results: (1) Participants body temperature raised by 1.1 deg. C, water loss 0.5 kg., weight loss approx. 0.7% of body weight. (2) CD14 & HLA-ABC significant decreased; nonetheless CD206 & ROS didn’t reach standard level. (3) CK, LDH & AST significant increased; (4) ALT & CRE significant increased; CRP & BUN didn’t reach standard level. (5) IL-6 & TNF-α didn’t reach standard level; IL-10 significant increased. Conclusion:
YYIRT1 not only had influence on M1, but also had stronger influence on M2. CK, LDH & AST also increased significantly. After YYIRT1, it caused the athletes to be inflammatory. To prevent the affection of sports performance and the damage of the health, monitoring and preventing from the open window after doing sports are suggested. To adjust the training plans and monitor the health situation anytime when it is needed.
